Faith-based Organization dan Humanitarianism :(Studi kasus Peran Muhammadiyah dalam Aksi-aksi Kemanusiaan)

TAUFIK, Fajriyah Nurkhasanah, Samsu Rizal Panggabean

2014 | Tesis | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

ABSTRACT This thesis will be discussed about the role of Faith based Organizations (FBOs) in humanitarian activities both theoretically and empirically. In this case, Muhammadiyah will be pointed as a case study to explain one of FBOs’ contribution in humanitarian perspective and activities. The discussion will be divided into: (1) the first century Muhammadiyah with the establishment of MPKO (1920 - 1936); and (2) the second century Muhammadiyah with the establishment of MDMC (2010 - present). Depth discussion will be analyzing MDMC’s humanitarian activities through the four universal humanitarian principles; humanity, neutrality, impartiality and operational independence as well as cosmopolitanism that is associated with the eight principles of cosmopolitan (Held, 2004). It was concluded that Muhammadiyah perspective toward humanitarian in first and second century does not have any significant differences. Both based on the same basis by interpreting Surat Al-Maun (Yatim dan Miskin) and responsibilities toward religion and society to gain the unity of human life (Syoedja’, 2003). The fundamental difference between two humanitarian Council/Institute of Muhammadiyah can be seen from the scope and program of work as well as the actors’ involvement from internal and external Muhammdiyah, across sectors and religions. The creation of MDMC can be called as one of Muhammadiyah representative in second century that realize the second agenda; to become cosmopolitan humanitarian agent (Muktamar 2010). However, further research is still needed for analyzing the realization of Muhammadiyah commitment as cosmopolitan humanitarian agent to overcome universal humanitarian issues in its second century. Keywords: FBOs, Humanitarianism, Muhammadiyah, MPKO, MDMC, Cosmopolitanism

Kata Kunci : Humanisme