Perbandingan efek intrusi gigi anterior antara kawat busur reverse curve standar dan kaki lurus terhadap kurva spee, overjet, overbite, dan angulasi molar

PARAMITA NOVIASARI, drg. Cendrawasih AF, M. Kes., Sp. Ort (K); drg. Wayan Ardhana, MS., Sp. Ort (K)

2017 | Tesis-Spesialis | SP ORTODONSIA

Deep overbite merupakan kasus maloklusi yang banyak ditemui ortodontis. Maloklusi tersebut dapat menyebabkan palatum terluka, resesi gingiva, dan kurang estetik. Perawatan ortodonti untuk koreksi deep overbite dapat dilakukan dengan kawat busur reverse curve. Kawat busur reverse curve ada dua jenis yaitu tipe standar dan kaki lurus. Perbedaannya terletak pada bentuk kaki posterior. Perbedaan bentuk kaki pada kedua kawat busur tersebut diduga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya perbedaan pengaruh intrusi gigi anterior. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan efek intrusi gigi anterior antara kawat busur reverse curve tipe standar dan kaki lurus terhadap kurva spee, overjet, overbite, dan angulasi molar. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari dua kelompok tipodon. Pada masing-masing kelompok dilakukan penyusunan gigi sesuai dengan kriteria sampel. Subjek penelitian pada kelompok tipodon I dipasang kawat busur reverse curve standar Niti 0.016x0.022 inch, dan kelompok tipodon II dipasang kawat busur reverse curve kaki lurus NiTi 0.016x0.022 inch. Tipodon I dan II direndam dalam waterbath suhu 500C selama 10 menit, dan di deaktivasi pada suhu kamar selama 15 menit. Setelah dideaktivasi diukur: kurva spee, overjet, overbite, dan angulasi molar. Pekerjaan tersebut diulang dengan penggantian malam baru sebanyak 5 kali untuk masing-masing kelompok. Hasil yang didapat diolah secara statistik dengan MANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) efek intrusi gigi anterior antara kawat busur reverse curve standar dan kaki lurus terhadap kurva spee, overjet, overbite, dan angulasi molar. Kawat busur reverse curve tipe standar memberikan pengaruh yang lebih besar daripada tipe kaki lurus, dalam hal memperkecil kurva spee, overjet, overbite, dan memperbesar angulasi molar atas dan bawah.

Deep overbite is one of the most familiar orthodontic case. Deep overbite can cause palatal injury, gingival recession, and less esthetics. Orthodontic treatment for deep overbite can be performed with reverse curve archwire. There are two type of reverse curve archwire, standard and straight legs. The different lies in the shape of the posterior foot. The Difference in the shape of the foot on both arch wire can produce different effect of anterior teeth intrusion. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference between the anterior intrusion effect between the standards reverse curve archwire and straight leg reverse curve archwire to the curves of spee, overjet, overbite, and molar angulation. The subjects was conducted two groups of typodont. In each group a dental assessment was performed according to the sample criteria. The subjects of the typodon group I use standard reverse curve archwire 0.016x0.022 inch NiTi, and the typodon group II use straight leg reverse curve archwire 0.016x0.022 inch Niti. Typodon I and II were immersed in 50o C waterbath temperature for 10 min, and deactivated for 15 min in temperature room. Cure of spee, overjet, overbite dan molar angulation were measured after deactivation was done. The results were processed statistically with MANOVA. The results showed there were significant differences of curve of spee, overjet, overbite, and molar angulation among standard and straight leg reverse curve arch wire. Standard reverse curve archwires provide a greater effect. Standard reverse curve arch wire minimizes curve spee, overjet, overbite, and enlarge upper and lower molar angulation.

Kata Kunci : reverse curve standar, reverse curve kaki lurus, deep overbite