PENGARUH PEMATANGAN GONAD TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS DAN KERAGAMAN UKURAN BENIH NILA MERAH (Oreochromis sp.)

ERVAN NOER CHRISTIANTO , Prof. Dr. Ir. Rustadi, M.Sc.; Dr. Ir. Djumanto, M.Sc.

2017 | Skripsi | S1 BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN

Ketersediaan benih nila yang seragam, jumlahnya cukup dan berkelanjutan dibutuhkan untuk memenuhi permintaan pembesaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pematangan gonad terhadap produktivitas telur dan keragaman ukuran benih nila merah. Pematangan gonad dilakukan dengan cara memisahkan induk jantan dan betina selama 15 hari pada menjelang pemijahan. Ikan uji yang digunakan adalah induk nilasa dan induk nila merah lokal. Induk ikan dipelihara di dalam hapa ukuran 2x3x0,8 m. Telur yang dierami di dalam mulut induk dan total produksi dari masing-masing perlakuan dihitung dan dikelompokkan menggunakan keranjang seleksi berukuran, 1 sampai 3, 3 sampai 5, dan 5 sampai 7 cm. Fekunditas pengeraman pada induk nilasa sebanyak 6 butir/g, sedangkan pada induk nila lokal sebanyak 2 butir/g. Hasil pemijahan pada induk nilasa dengan pematangan gonad diperoleh benih 81 ekor/kg, tanpa pematangan diperoleh benih 77 ekor/kg. Pada induk nila merah lokal yang dimatangkan diperoleh benih 153 ekor/kg, tanpa pematangan diperoleh benih 34 ekor/kg. Nilai koefisien keragaman panjang dan berat benih nilasa pematangan gonad mencapai 24,60 % dan 63,87%, tanpa pematangan gonad 26,46% dan 71,86%. Nilai koefisien keragaman panjang dan berat benih nila merah lokal pematangan gonad mencapai 23,04% dan 70,96%, tanpa pematangan gonad 10,52% dan 26,87%. Pematangan gonad berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan induk lebih besar, produksi benih lebih banyak, serta ukuran benih relatif seragam.

The availability of tilapia fry on the same size, and enough in numbers, and continuesly are needed to meet the growing demand. The aims of this research were to determine the effect of gonad maturation on productivity of eggs and diversity of fry. Gonad maturation treatment was done by separation between male and female broodfish for 15 days before spawning. The nilasa and the local red tilapia were used as the broodfish. The broodfish were reared in hapa with 2x3x0,8 m size. The incubation eggs inside the mouth and the total amouth of fry each treatment were counted and grouped by using a selection basket with 3 sizes, 1 to 3, 3 to 5 and 5 to 7 cm. Fecundity of nilasa were 6 eggs/g female, and for local red tilapia were 2 eggs/g female. The result of spawning showed that average production of nilasa with matured gonad were 81 fries/kg female and not matured gonad were 77 fries/kg female. Respectively the average production of local red tilapia with matured gonad were 153 fries/kg female and not matured gonad were 34 fries/kg female. Coefficient of lenght and weight diversity for nilasa with gonad maturation were 24.60% and 63.87%, while not matured gonads were 26.46% and 71.86%. Coefficient of lenght and weight diversity of local red tilapia with gonad matured is 23.04% and 70.96%, while not matured gonads is 10.52% and 26.87%. Gonadal maturation affects the increased of broodfish growth and fry production, and also more fry on the same size.

Kata Kunci : benih, gonad, keragaman, nila, produktivitas