HUBUNGAN IBU HAMIL PEROKOK DENGAN KEJADIAN KETUBAN PECAH DINI DI RSUD PANEMBAHAN SENOPATI BANTUL

Fince febriani Zalukhu, FITRA DUHITA, M.Keb; NABILA ZUHDY, SST., M.Kes

2017 | Tugas Akhir | D4 BIDAN PENDIDIK SV

Merokok dapat menyebabkan gangguan selama kehamilan, karena komponen pada asap rokok yaitu nikotin dan tar menyebabkan perubahan biokimia pada plasma darah yaitu berkurangnya komponen serum tembaga dan asam askorbik penyusun kolagen, sehingga mengurangi sifat elastis selaput ketuban dan menyebabkan rentan mengalami ketuban pecah dini. Ketuban pecah dini adalah pecahnya ketuban sebelum terdapat tanda-tanda persalinan mulai dan ditunggu satu jam belum terjadi inpartu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan ibu perokok dengan kejadian ketuban pecah dini. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Populasi target adalah semua ibu bersalin, sedangkan populasi terjangkau adalah semua ibu bersalin yang ada di ruang Alamanda RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul pada bulan Juni 2017. Pengambilan sampel dengan consecutive sampling. Data ibu hamil perokok diperoleh dari hasil wawancara terhadap responden dan data kejadian ketuban pecah dini diperoleh dari rekam medis. Analisis data menggunakan chi square (α=0,05) dan diolah dengan SPSS 22.00. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 34 responden, terdapat 25 (73,5%) responden ibu hamil perokok, 23 (67,6%) responden ibu yang mengalami ketuban pecah dini dan 20 (59%) responden ibu hamil perokok dan mengalami ketuban pecah dini. Uji statisik didapatkan p=0,010 dengan nilai PR=1,9 sehingga terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara ibu hamil perokok dengan kejadian ketuban pecah dini, dengan ibu hamil perokok memiliki risiko untuk mengalami ketuban pecah dini 1,9 kali lebih besar daripada ibu hamil tidak perokok. Pemberian edukasi bahaya asap rokok selama hamil sejak dini dapat mengurangi kejadian ketuban pecah dini.

Smoking can caused disturbance during pregnancy, because the components of nicotine and tar cigarette smoke caused biochemical changes in blood plasma that is reduced serum copper component and collagen ascorbic acid, so can reducing the elastic properties of the membranes and causing susceptibility to premature rupture of membranes. Premature rupture of membranes is rupture of the membranes before there are signs of labor started and waited for one hour has not occurred inpartu. This study aims to determine the relationship of smoking pregnant woman with premature rupture of membranes. The method of this research was cross sectional design. The target population were pregnant woman, while the reached population were pregnant woman in the Alamanda room of Panembahan Senopati Bantul Hospital in June 2017. The sample was taken with consecutive sampling. Data of smoking pregnant woman obtained from the interviews and data of premature rupture of membranes is obtained from the medical records. The data was analized by chi square (α = 0,05) and processed with SPSS 22.00. The results of this study showed that from sample of 34 respondents, there were 23 (73,6%) respondent smoking pregnant woman, 20 (70,4%) respondent experienced premature rupture of membranes and 20 (59%) respondents of smoking pregnant woman and experienced premature rupture of membranes. Statistic test was obtained p=0,010 with PR=1,9 so there was a significant correlation between smoking pregnant woman with the incidence of premature rupture of membranes which means smoking pregnant woman had a risk to experience premature rupture of membranes 1,9 times greater than nonsmoking pregnant women. Providing early education about the danger of smoking during pregnancy can reduce the incidence of premature rupture of membranes.

Kata Kunci : Ibu hamil perokok, ketuban pecah dini