Aktivitas Ekstrak Akar Tuba sebagai Moluskisida terhadap Keong Mas

BURHAN MURPRASETYO, Prof. Dr. Ir. FX. Wagiman, S.U.; Prof. Dr. Ir. Edhi Martono, M. Sc.; Dr. Ir. Witjaksono, M.Sc.

2017 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya guna ekstrak akar tuba (Derris elliptica Benth) sebagai moluskisida terhadap keong mas (Pomacea canaliculata Lenmark). Uji Pendahuluan dilakukan terhadap ikan Tombro dan keong mas untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak akar tuba terhadap mortalitas. Uji efikasi ekstrak akar tuba menggunakan keong mas ukuran 2-3 cm. Larutan standar ekstrak akar tuba diperoleh dari perendaman semalam akar tuba yang sudah ditumbuk sebanyak 3 kg/5 liter air. Ekstrak akar tuba pada LC50 diujikan pada keong mas ukuran ukuran kecil (5 mm) sampai besar (40 mm). Keong mas dipelihara dalam ember berisi larutan ekstrak akar tuba dan bibit padi. Mortalitas dan daya makan keong mas sebagai parameter aktivitas ekstrak akar tuba. Anova dan analisis probit diaplikasikan untuk menentukan aktivitas ekstrak akar tuba. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak akar tuba beracun terhadap ikan dan keong mas. LC50 ekstrak akar tuba yaitu 26,67% larutan standar membunuh keong mas 100% dalam 72 jam. Semua ukuran keong mas dari kecil sampai besar yang diperlakukan dengan 26,67% larutan standar ekstrak akar tuba mati 100% dalam 4 hari.

This study was aimed to determine the usefulness of derris root extract (Derris elliptica Benth) as molluscicide to the golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata Lenmark). Preliminary test was done on Tombro fish and golden snail to observe the effect of derris root extract on their mortality. The efficacy test on the derris root extract used golden snail sized of 2-3 cm in length. The standard solution of the derris root extract was obtained from soaking overnight the derris roots that had been pounded as much as 3 kg/5 litters of water. The derris root extract at LC50 was tested against the golden snails from the small size (5 mm) to the big ones (40 mm). The golden snails were cultured in a bucket containing the derris extract solutions and rice seedlings. Mortality and feeding rate of the snails were parameters of the extract activity. Anova and probit analysis were applied to determine the activity of the extract. Results showed that the derris root extract was toxic to the fish and the golden snail. The LC50 of the extract i.e. 26.67% of the standard solution was able to kill 100% of the golden snail within 72 hours. All sizes of the golden snails from small to big sizes which treated with 26.67% of the standard solution were 100% killed within 4 days.

Kata Kunci : Golden snail, derris root, Derris elliptica, botanical molluscicida