KEANEKARAGAMAN SPESIES DAN PREFERENSI HABITAT KADAL (SQUAMATA: LACERTILIA) DI BAGIAN HULU SUNGAI TAMBAKBAYAN, KABUPATEN SLEMAN, PROVINSI DIY

NOLA DESMI, Donan Satria Yudha, S.Si.,M.Sc.

2017 | Skripsi | S1 BIOLOGI

Sungai Tambakbayan merupakan salah satu sungai yang melintasi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Hulu Sungai Tambakbayan memiliki potensi ditemukan spesies kadal karena memiliki daerah riparian yang masih sesuai sebagai habitat untuk kadal. Belum ada penelitian mengenai keanekaragaman kadal di Sungai Tambakbayan. Pulau jawa memiliki 5 familia jenis kadal yang menempati habitat yang beragam seperti arboreal, terrestrial, semiakuatik (DAS, 2010). Hal tersebut mendorong dilakukannya penelitian dalam mempelajari keanekaragaman dan preferensi habitat kadal di bagian hulu Sungai Tambakbayan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari keanekaragaman, persebaran dan preferensi habitat spesies kadal yang berada di wilayah tepian hulu Sungai Tambakbayan provinsi DIY. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2016 hingga Desember 2016. Sampling dilakukan pada waktu aktif kadal yaitu pagi hari dan malam hari. Metode yang digunakan menggunakan VES dan garis transek 500 m. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan Indeks Shannon Wiener dan Indeks Pielou. Keanekaragaman jenis kadal yang ditemukan di aliran Hulu Sungai Tambakbayan diitemukan 8 spesies dari 4 familia diantaranya Bronchocela jubata, Draco volans, Eutropis multifasciata, Gekko gecko, Hemidactylus frenatus, Gehyra mutilata, Cyrtodactylus marmoratus dan Varanus salvator. Indeks keanekaragaman pada lokasi penelitian sangat rendah dengan populasi labil. Bronchela jubata dan Eutropis multifasciata merupakan kadal yamg paling dominan pada lokasi penelitian. Persebaran kadal di Sungai Tambakbayan cenderung menyebar pada daerah yang memiliki vegetasi. Preferensi habitat dapat dilihat pada penjumpaan substrat yang dihuni. Bronchocela jubata menyukai substrat tanaman gamal, sengon dan bambu. Eutropis multifasciata menyukai daerah seresah dan bebatuan. Perbedaan morfologi kadal terrestrial dan arboreal dilihat dari tungkai, bentuk tubuh dan bentuk ekor.

Tambakbayan River is one of the rivers that cross Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. The upstream part of Tambakbayan River is potential as lizards habitat due to the dense area of riparian vegetations along the river. There has been no research on the diversity of lizards in the Tambakbayan River. According to Das (2010), on the island of Java there are 5 species of lizard families occupy a variety of habitats such as arboreal, terrestrial and semi aquatic It encourages research to study the diversity and habitat preferences of lizard in the upstream part of the Tambakbayan River. This research aims to study the diversity, distribution and habitat preferences of lizard species in the upstream part of the Tambakbayan River in the province of DIY. This research was conducted in June 2016 until December 2016. Sampling was done at two different time of lizards daily activities which are day and night. The method used was VES and 500 m transect line. The data obtained were analyzed using Shanon Wiener Index and Pielou Index. The diversity of lizards found in the upstream are 8 species from 4 families : Bronchocela jubata, Draco volans, Eutropis multifasciata, Gekko gecko, Hemidactylus frenatus, Gehyra mutilata, Cyrtodactylus marmoratus and Varanus salvator. The diversity index at the study sites was very low with unstable populations. Bronchocela jubata and Eutropis multifasciata are the most dominant lizards in the study sites. The distribution of lizards in the Tambakbayan River tends to spread on areas with dense vegetations. Habitat preference in lizard species can be observed by looking at the inhabited substrates. Bronchocela jubata likes to inhabitat gamal tree, sengon tree, and bamboos tree. Eutropis multifasciata likes areas with litter and rocks. The morphological differences of terrestrial and arboreal lizards can be seen from the limbs, body shape and tail shape.

Kata Kunci : Keanekaragaman, kadal, Preferensi habitat, Sungai Tambakbayan