EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK PROPOLIS LEBAH Trigona sp. DALAM BENTUK SEDIAAN GEL TERHADAP BAKTERI Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC 10556 in vitro

MAYGA BUANA PUTRI, Dr. drg. Juni Handajani, M.Kes., Ph.D.; Dr. drg. Alma L. Jonarta, M.Kes.

2017 | Skripsi | S1 PENDIDIKAN DOKTER GIGI

Plak gigi berperan penting dalam proses karies dengan bakteri Streptococcus sanguinis banyak dijumpai pada awal pembentukannya. Upaya pencegahan karies dengan menekan pembentukan plak, dengan caramenghambatpertumbuhan bakteri atau dengan pembersihan plak secara teratur. Lebah Trigona sp. adalah lebah yang banyak ditemukan di Indonesia dan menghasilkan propolis lebih banyak dibandingkan madu. Pada bentuk sediaan gel, zat antibakteri dilepaskan dengan baik serta lebih mudah digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas antibakteri ekstrak propolis lebah Trigona sp.dalam bentuk sediaan gel terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. sanguinis ATCC 10556 in vitro. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan 5 cawan petri yang ditanami S. sanguinis, tiap sumuran diisi 3 kelompok perlakuan yaitu ekstrak propolis yang dibuat dalam bentuk sediaan gel konsentrasi 5%, 10% dan 15%, kontrol positif (Cervitec®Gel) dan kontrol negatif(basis gel HEC). Sebelumnya GEP diujikarakteristik gel sehingga setara dengan kontrol positif. Sumuran diinkubasi selama 24 jam kemudian diukur zona hambat yang dibentuk dari arah vertikal, horizontal dan diagonal, diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji ANAVA satu jalur dan Post Hoc LSD. Hasil uji ANAVA menunjukkan perbedaan zona hambat yang signifikan (p<0,05) antarkelompok. Hasil uji LSD menunjukkan perbedaan zona hambat yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol negatif serta antara GEP 10% dan 15% terhadap kontrol positif. Perbedaan zona hambat tidak signifikan (p>0,05) ditunjukkan antara GEP 5% dan kontrol positif serta antara GEP 10% dan 15%.Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak propolislebah Trigona sp. dalam bentuk sediaan gel efektif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. sanguinis ATCC 10556 in vitro.

Dental plaque plays an important role in the caries process. Streptococcuss sanguinis is found at the beginning of its formation. The prevention effort of caries could be done by suppressing plaque formation, by inhibiting the bacterial growth or clearing the plaque regularly. Trigona sp. is type of bee found in Indonesia and produce more propolis than honey. In the gel form, the antibacterial substances are wellreleased and are easier to be used. The study aimed to know the antibacterial effectiveness of Trigona sp.propolis extract in the gel form on the growth of S. sanguinis ATCC 10556 in vitro. The study was conducted by using 5 petri dishes which planted with S. sanguinis, each petri dishwasfilled with 3 treatment groups i.e. propolis extract which made in gel form with dosage concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15%, positive control (Cervitec®Gel) and negative control (base of HEC gel). Previously, the organoleptic and the physical characteristic of gelof GEP were tested till it could be equal to positive control. The petri dishes were incubated for 24 hours then measured their zones of inhibition which formed from vertical, horizontal and diagonal directions, it was repeated for 3 times. The results data then were analyzed by using one-way ANAVA test and Post Hoc LSD. ANAVA test results showed a significant differences of zones of inhibition (p<0.05) between groups. The LSD test results showed a significant differences of zones of inhibition (p<0.05) between treatment and negative control groups as well as between GEP 10% and 15% to positive control. The differences of zones of inhibition were not significant (p>0.05) indicated between GEP 5% and positive control as well as between GEP 10% and 15%. It can be concluded that Trigona sp.propolis extract in gel form is effective to inhibit the growth of S.sanguinis ATCC 10556 in vitro.

Kata Kunci : gel ekstrak propolis, S. sanguinis, zona hambat