PERTUMBUHAN SENGON PADA LAHAN BEKAS ERUPSI GUNUNG API MERAPI 2010 SAMPAI UMUR 6 BULAN

DIAFAN KURNIA JATI , Ir. Sri Danarto, M. Agr. Sc; Ir. W.W. Winarni, M.P

2017 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Upaya rehabilitasi lahan lereng Gunung Merapi pasca erupsi 2010 dengan penanaman berbagai jenis pohon tidak semuanya berhasil. Sengon merupakan salah satu jenis yang banyak ditanam masyarakat dengan bibit generatif. Diduga kualitas bibit mempengaruhi keberhasilan penanaman. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meneliti pengaruh macam bibit dan dilakukan pada beberapa kondisi tapak yang ada di lereng Merapi khususnya di Desa Kepuharjo Kecamatan Cangkringan Kabupaten Sleman Yogyakarta. Desain penelitian adalah split plot dengan 3 plot utama tipe tapak ( I. tapak dengan ketebalan abu vulkanik 0-20 cm, II. Tapak bekas tambang pasir dengan dominasi pasir 0-20 cm, III. Tapak hutan rakyat yang sudah diolah oleh masyarakat). Adapun subplot berupa jenis bibit (1. semai akar telanjang, 2. semai dengan induksi akar, 3. semai tanpa induksi akar, 4. Semai rakyat). Setiap kombinasi perlakuan menggunakan 3 replikasi dan 20 semai sebagai sampel (unit pengamatan terkecil). Dengan demikian ada 240 sampel bibit yang ditanam dengan jarak tanam 1 x 1 m. Pengamatan meliputi persen hidup dan pertambahan tinggi bibit. Pengamatan dilakukan sampai umur tanam 6 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata pertumbuhan tanaman terbaik yang ditanam di bekas tambang pasir. Tipe bibit yang paling baik pertumbuhannya adalah bibit sengon rakyat. Kombinasi perlakuan terbaik adalah bibit sengon rakyat yang ditanam di hutan rakyat, tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dengan bibit rakyat di bekas tambang pasir dan abu vulkanik serta bibit induksi akar di bekas tambang pasir.

The efforts of Merapi Mountain slopes rehabilitation after eruption in 2010 with the planting of various tree species were not all successful. Sengon was one of the most widely planted species with generative seeds. Allegedly, the quality of seedlings affected the success of planting. This study was conducted to examine the effect of seeds and conducted on several conditions of the existing site on the slopes of Merapi, especially in Kepuharjo Village, the District of Cangkringan, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. The research design was split plot with 3 main plot of type of tread (I. tread with a thickness of volcanic ash 0-20 cm, II. tread former sand mining with sand domination 0-20 cm, III. tread of community forest that has been processed by the community). The subplot is a type of seed (1. bare root seedlings, 2. seedlings with root induction, 3. seedlings without root induction, 4. Sengon seedling from community forest as a control). Each treatment combination used 3 replicates and 20 seedlings as sample (the smallest observation unit). Thus, there were 240 seedlings planted with plant spacing 1 x 1 m. Observations included live percentage and high seed gain. Observations were made until the age of 6 months. The results showed the average growth of the best plants grown in the former sand mining. The best kind of seedling is the Sengon seedling from community forest. The best treatment combination was the poppy seeds of the people planted in the people's forests, but not significantly different from the folk lings in ex-sand mining and volcanic ash and root induction seeds in the former sand mining.

Kata Kunci : pertumbuhan, sengon, erupsi, Growth, Sengon, Eruption