Faktor Risiko Kejadian Balita Stunting Usia 6-12 Bulan di Wilayah Puskesmas Kalasan Kabupaten Sleman

KHARISMADHANY, Dr. Yuni Kusmiyati, M.P.H; Supiyati, S.Si.T., M.Kes

2017 | Tugas Akhir | D4 BIDAN PENDIDIK SV

Stunting merupakan indikasi pertumbuhan terhambat hasil akumulasi kondisi kesehatan yang buruk dan asupan gizi yang tidak optimal. Kecamatan Kalasan menjadi wilayah dengan prevalensi kasus stunting tertinggi di Kabupaten Sleman Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian stunting pada balita usia 6-12 bulan di wilayah Puskesmas Kalasan Kabupaten Sleman. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah case control. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengam cara simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 70 subjek paada setiap kelompok. Data diperoleh dari laporan puskesmas kalasan dan pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi dengan instrumen berupa checklist dan microtoise. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan regresi logistik berganda. Prevalensi kasus stunting pada balita usia 6-12 bulan di kecamatan Kalasan sebesar 30,5%. Faktor risiko stunting pada balita ( p < 0,05) yaitu tingkat pendidikan ayah (OR = 2,53, 95% CI 1,05-6,06), berat badan lahir (OR = 5,67, 95% CI 1,19-26,89), panjang badan saat lahir (OR =2,34, 95% CI 1,14-4,82), dan usia kehamilan saat lahir (OR = 4,387, 95% CI 0,89-21,45). Faktor risiko dominan kejadian stunting yaitu berat badan lahir (OR = 5,67, 95% CI 1,19-26,89),. Upaya pencegahan stunting harus dilakukan dengan peningkatan pengetahuan orangtua terkait pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi balita dan deteksi dini stunting. Monitoring pertumbuhan balita dengan indikator status gizi tinggi badan menurut umur sebaiknya rutin dilakukan rutin setiap bulan

Stunting indicates growth failure condition as a cumulative result of poor health and malnutrition. Kecamatan Kalasan has the highest prevalence of stunting children in Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. The purpose of this study was to analyze risk factors in underfive children aged 6-12 months in Kalasan Community Health Center area, Kabupaten Sleman. This study was conducted by case control design. The sample were selected by simple random sampling with number of samples were 70 subjects of each groups. The database was obtained from Kalasan public health center report and collected from the interview and observation by using checklist and microtoise. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to analyze data. Prevalence of stunting among children aged 6-12 months in Kecamatan Kalasan were 30,5%. The significant risk factors of stunting among subject ( p < 0,05) were low paternal education (OR = 2,53, 95% CI 1,05-6,06), low birth weight (OR = 5,67, 95% CI 1,19-26,89), short birth length (OR =2,34, 95% CI 1,14-4,82), dan prematurity (OR = 4,387, 95% CI 0,89-21,45). The dominant risk factor of stunting of stunting was low birth reight (OR = 5,67, 95% CI 1,19-26,89). Stunting prevention efforts must be done with increasing knowledge of parents about nutritional need of under five children and early detection of stunting. Children height measurement should be a routine of children growth monitoring every month.

Kata Kunci : Stunting, Balita, Kecamatan Kalasan