PENGARUH LAMA PEMBERIAN PAKAN STARTER DAN FINISHER TERHADAP PRODUKSI KARKAS AYAM KAMPUNG SUPER

AGUNG NUGROHO, Prof. Ir. Wihandoyo, MS., Ph.D. ; Dr. Ir. Setiyono, SU.

2017 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama pemberian pakan fase starter dan finisher terhadap produksi karkas ayam kampung super yang dipelihara selama 12 minggu. Sebanyak 150 ekor ayam kampung super unsexed umur sehari (DOC) dibagi dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu P1 fase starter DOC sampai 4 minggu dan finisher 5 sampai 12 minggu; P2, P3, P4 dan P5 fase starter dari DOC sampai 5, 6, 7 dan 8 minggu selanjutnya dilanjutkan fase finisher sampai dengan umur 12 minggu. Setiap kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari 3 replikasi dan setiap replikasi terdiri atas 10 ekor ayam. Pakan starter yang diberikan memiliki kandungan protein 22% dengan ME 3100 kcal/kg dan pakan finisher yang memiliki kandungan protein 18% dengan ME 3000 kcal/kg. Data yang diamati meliputi bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase karkas, berat hati dan empedu, berat lemak perut, berat pankreas serta panjang usus halus akan dianalisis dengan rancangan acak lengkap pola searah. Hasil penelitian menununjukkan bahwa perlakuan perbedaan lama pemberian pakan starter dan finisher tidak mempengaruhi bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase karkas, bobot hati, bobot empedu, berat lemak perut, berat pankreas dan panjang usus halus. Bobot potong P1, P2, P3, P4 dan P5 berturut-turut 1420,6; 1391,6; 1418,1; 1401,7 dan 1429,1 g/ekor. Bobot karkas P1, P2, P3, P4 dan P5 berturut-turut 948,22; 940,45; 966,11; 975,11 dan 973,67 g/ekor. Persentase karkas P1, P2, P3, P4 dan P5 berturut-turut 66,8; 67,56; 68,18; 69,54 dan 68,07%. Bobot hati P1, P2, P3, P4 dan P5 berturut-turut 24,26; 25,12; 23,56; 24,82 dan 24,47 g/ekor. Bobot empedu P1, P2, P3, P4 dan P5 berturut-turut 1,70; 1,42; 1,52; 1,25 dan 1,14 g/ekor. Berat lemak perut P1, P2, P3, P4 dan P5 berturut-turut 35,21; 36,30; 27,92; 23,41 dan 27,29 g/ekor. Berat pankreas P1, P2, P3, P4 dan P5 berturut-turut 3,09; 2,89; 2,58; 2,56 dan 2,76 g/ekor. Panjang usus halus P1, P2, P3, P4 dan P5 berturut-turut 105,06; 114,42; 103,89; 104,89 dan 107,42 cm/ekor. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan lama pemberian pakan fase starter dan finisher selama 12 minggu pemeliharaan tidak mempengaruhi produksi karkas ayam kampung super.

This study was aimed to determine the effects of the length of starter and finisher duration feeding on carcass production of native chicken crossbreed. One hundred fifty day old chick (DOC) of native chicken crossbreed were devided into 5 treatments group ie P1 starter phase DOC untill 4 weeks and finisher 5 until 12 week; P2, P3, P4 and P5 starter phase DOC until 5, 6,7 and 8 weeks followed by finisher phase until 12 weeks old. Each treatment group was consisted of three replications and 12 chickens each. The diet were contained 22% protein with 3.100 kcal/kg of ME for starter phase and 18% protein with 3000 kcal/kg of ME for finisher phase. The data collected were slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, liver and bile weight, abdominal fat weight, pancreas weight and length of the small intestine were analyzed by One Way Classification of Completely Randomized Design, followed by test of the significant means Duncans New Multiple Range Test. The result showed that the difference between starter and finisher feeding phase did not affected on slaughtering weights, carcass weights, carcass percentage, liver weights, bile weights, abdominal fat weights, pancreas weights and lenght of small intestine. The slaughtering weights P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 were 1420,6; 1391,6; 1418,1; 1401,7 and 1429,1 g/birds. Carcass weights P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 were 948,22; 940,45; 966,11; 975,11 and 973,67 g/bird. Carcass percentage P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 were 66,8; 67,56; 68,18; 69,54 and 68,07%. Liver weights P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 were 24,26; 25,12; 23,56; 24,82 and 24,47 g/bird. Bile weights P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 were 1,70; 1,42; 1,52; 1,25 and 1,14 g/bird. Abdominal fat weights P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 were 35,21; 36,30; 27,92; 23,41 and 27,29 g/bird. Pancreas weight P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 were 3,09; 2,89; 2,58; 2,56 and 2,76 g/bird. Lenght of small intestine P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 were 105,06; 114,42; 103,89; 104,89 and 107,42 cm/bird. The conclusion is difference of starter and finisher feeding phase did not affected on the carcass production of crossbred native chicken at 12 weeks of age.

Kata Kunci : Ayam kampung super, Bobot potong, Finisher, Karkas, Starter