PENGARUH LAMA PEMBERIAN PAKAN STARTER DAN FINISHER TERHADAP KINERJA PERTUMBUHAN AYAM KAMPUNG SUPER

JANU HERJANTO, Prof. Dr. Ir. Wihandoyo, MS., Ph.D; Dr. Ir. Chusnul Hanim, M.Si

2017 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama fase pemberian pakan starter dan finisher terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan ayam kampung super. Sebanyak 150 ekor ayam kampung super unsexed umur sehari dibagi dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan dengan 3 replikasi, masing-masing 10 ekor. Ayam dipelihara selama 12 minggu dengan perlakuan perbedaan lama waktu fase pemberian pakan 1-4 minggu (P1), 1-5 minggu (P2), 1-6 minggu (P3), 1-7 minggu (P4), atau 1-8 minggu (P5). Kandungan protein kasar dan energi masing-masing fase starter PK 22% ME 3100 kcal/kg dan finisher protein kasar 18% energi termetabolis 3000 kcal/kg. Pakan dan air minum diberikan untuk dikonsumsi secara ad libitum. Data yang diperoleh meliputi: konsumsi pakan (g/ekor), bobot badan (g/ekor), konversi pakan, konsumsi protein dan energi, dan retensi nitrogen (g/ekor) dianalisis menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola searah dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncans New Multiple Range Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama pemberian pakan fase starter selama 4 hingga 8 minggu tidak mempengaruhi konsumsi pakan, bobot badan, rerata pertamabahan bobot badan dan konversi pakan. Namun demikian, konsumsi protein ayam pada kelompok P3, P4, dan P5 lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan konsumsi pakan ayam kelompok P1 maupun P2. Konsumsi protein pakan pada kelompok P2 1,36% lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok P1; kelompok P3 lebih tinggi 3,68% dibandingkan kelompok P1; kelompok P4 lebih tinggi 5,39% dibandingkan kelompok P1; dan kelompok P5 lebih tinggi 6,54% dibandingkan kelompok P1. Tidak terdapat perbedaan pada rerata retensi nitrogen pada umur 12 minggu (3,08; 3,76; 5,09; 4,80; dan 3,50 g/ekor). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembedaan lama waktu pemberian pakan berkadar protein tinggi pada masa awal pertumbuhan ayam kampung super tidak memberikan manfaat yang nyata dilihat dari kinerja pertumbuhannya.

This study was aimed to determine the effect of different duration starter and finisher diets phases on growth performance of native chicken crossbred. A total number of 150 unsexed day old chick native chicken crossbred were divided into 5 groups with 3 replication and 10 birds in each replicate pen. The treatments were duration of starter phase for DOC to 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 weeks for P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5, respectively. The diets contained 22% crude protein (CP) and 3100 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy (ME) for starter phase and 18% CP and 3000 kcal/kg of ME for finisher phase. Feed and water were given for ad libitum consumption. The collected data of feed intake, average daily body weight gain, body weight, feed conversion ratio, protein and energy consumption, and nitrogen retention were statistically using One way classification of variance analysis. Data with significant different was analyzed subsequently using Duncan's new Multiple Range Test. Results showed that duration of feeding starter phase for 4 to 8 weeks did not affect feed consumption, body weight, average of body weight, and feed conversion. Protein consumption of birds in P3, P4, and P5 groups were higher (P<0.05) than that of birds in P1 or P2 groups. Protein consumption of P2 group was 1.36% higher than that of P1 group, P3 group was 3.68% higher than that of P1 group, P4 group was 5.39% higher than that of P1 group, and P5 group was 6.54% higher than that of P1 group. There was no significant different in nitrogen retention at 12 weeks (3.08; 3.76; 5.09; 4.80; and 3.50 g/birds). It can be concluded that feeding high protein diet in starter phase with different duration times did not give any positive effect on growth performance of native chicken crossbred.

Kata Kunci : Ayam kampung super, Bobot badan, Konsumsi pakan, Konversi pakan, Retensi nitrogen