HUBUNGAN ANTARA MASA KERJA DAN KADAR TIMBAL DALAM DARAH DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA POLISI LALU LINTAS WANITA DI PROVINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

DEA FARAH ZAKIA, Dr. Toto Sudargo, SKM., M.Kes ; Yayuk Hatriyanti, SKM, M.Kes

2017 | Skripsi | S1 GIZI KESEHATAN

Latar Belakang : Hipertensi merupakan masalah kesehatan dan penyebab kematian nomor satu di dunia. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhinya adalah logam berat seperti Timbal (Pb). Paparan timbal dari kendaraan bermotor dapat terjadi pada kelompok masyarakat berisko seperti polisi lalu lintas. Paparan Pb pada perempuan lebih tinggi dibandingkan laki-laki. Sejauh ini belum ada penelitian untuk mengetahui masa kerja dan kadar timbal dalam darah polisi wanita lalu lintas Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta yang kemudian dihubungkan dengan tekanan darah. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan antara masa kerja dan kadar timbal darah dengan tekanan darah pada polisi wanita Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Metode Penelitian : Penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 54 orang polisi wanita di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Sampel diambil secara total sampling. Semua subjek dilakukan pengambilan sampel darah, wawancara, kuisioner, pengukuran tekanan darah, berat badan, dan tinggi badan. Data dianalisis untuk melihat gambaran masa kerja, kadar timbal darah, tekanan darah, serta hubungan antar variabel. Analisis hubungan antar variabel menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson, korelasi Spearman rank, dan Mann-whitney. Hasil : Rerata masa kerja polisi lalu lintas wanita adalah 148,5 ± 94,7 bulan. Rerata kadar timbal darah adalah 0,049 ± 0,104 μg/dl. Rerata tekanan darah sistolik adalah 114,1 ± 11,92 mmHg dan rerata tekanan darah diastolik adalah 75,6 ± 9,56 mmHg. Kedua pengukuran tekanan darah termasuk kategori normotensi. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara masa kerja dengan kadar timbal darah (p=0,187). Terdapat hubungan antara kadar timbal darah dengan tekanan sistolik (p=0,043) dan tekanan diastolik (p=002). Terdapat hubungan antara masa kerja dengan tekanan sistolik (p=0,007) dan tekanan diastolik (p=028). Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat hubungan antara masa kerja dengan kadar timbal darah. Terdapat hubungan antara kadar timbal darah dengan tekanan darah. Terdapat hubungan antara masa kerja dengan tekanan darah.

Background: Hypertension is one of health problems which is identified as first death cause in the world. One of hypertension discriminants is lead (Pb). Exposure of lead produced by vehicles might endanger people such as traffic police.It is found that women are more prone to lead rather than men.However, there has not been a research which examines the correlation between working duration and blood lead level of female traffic police (in Yogyakarta Province) with blood pressure. Objectives:The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between working duration and blood lead level; and blood pressure in female working police. Method: An observational and cross-sectional method was employed. A total of 54 female traffic police in Yogyakarta Province were chosen as the subject of research.The samples were taken by using total sampling method. The schemes are: taking blood sample, interviewing, questionnaire, blood-pressure measuring, body weight measuring, and body height measuring. The data were analyzed to examine the description of working duration, blood lead level, blood pressure, and the correlation among variables. The correlation between variables is analyzed by employing Pearson Correlation Test, Spearman Rank, and Mann-Whitney. Result: The result showed that the mean of working duration of female traffic police is 148,5 ± 94,7 months.was blood lead level is 0,049 ± 0,104 μg/dl.The mean of systolic blood pressure is 114,1 ± 11,92 mmHg and the mean of diastolic blood pressure is 75,6 ± 9,56 mmHg. Both are categorized as normotensive blood pressure. There has not been a correlation between working duration and blood lead level (p=0,187). There is a correlation between blood lead level and systolic blood pressure (p=0,043); and diastolic blood pressure (p=002). There is a correlation between working duration and systolic blood pressure (p=0,007); and diastolic blood pressure (p=028). Conclustion: It can be concluded that there has not been correlation between working duration with blood lead level.There is a correlation between blood lead level with blood pressure.There is a correlation between working duration with blood pressure.

Kata Kunci : Timbal darah, polisi lalu lintas wanita, hipertensi, masa kerja / Blood lead level, female traffic police, hipertension, working duration