Hubungan Peran Tenaga Kesehatan dengan Perilaku Perawatan Ibu pada Balita yang Menderita ISPA di Puskesmas Dukun, Kabupaten Magelang

ENI YULIANTI, Itsna Luthfi Kholisa, S.Kep., Ns., MANP;Lely Lusmilasari, S.Kp., M.Kes., Ph.D

2017 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang: Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) merupakan penyakit infeksi yang paling sering diderita oleh anak balita usia 1-4 tahun dan merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian balita di Indonesia. Prevalensi penyakit ISPA pada balita di Indonesia yaitu sebesar 25%. Ibu mempunyai peran penting dalam melakukan perawatan pada balita yang menderita ISPA. Namun, masih terdapat perilaku ibu yang kurang tepat dalam merawat balita yang menderita ISPA. Perilaku ibu dalam melakukan perawatan pada balita yang menderita ISPA dipengaruhi oleh peran tenaga kesehatan. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara peran tenaga kesehatan dengan perilaku perawatan ibu pada balita yang menderita ISPA di Puskesmas Dukun, Kabupaten Magelang. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode analitik korelasional, dan rancangan cross-sectional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan Bulan Maret sampai April 2017 kepada 89 ibu yang mempunyai balita menderita ISPA dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi serta eksklusi. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner peran tenaga kesehatan oleh Silaban (2015) dan kuesioner perilaku ibu oleh Octaviani (2015) yang telah dimodifikasi. Analisis data bivariat pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil Penelitian: Sebanyak 67 (75,3%) responden menilai peran tenaga kesehatan sebagai customer yang baik, 82 (92,1%) responden menilai peran tanaga kesehatan sebagai komunikator yang baik, 61 (68,5%) responden menilai peran tenaga kesehatan sebagai motivator yang baik, 47 (52,8%) responden menilai peran tenaga kesehatan sebagai fasilitator yang baik, dan 72 (80,9%) responden menilai peran tenaga kesehatan sebagai konselor yang baik. Perilaku perawatan ibu pada balita yang menderita ISPA juga termasuk dalam kategori baik (53,9%). Hasil uji Chi-Square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% didapatkan nilai masing-masing peran tenaga kesehatan dan total skor sebagai customer, komunikator, motivator, fasilitator, dan konselor dengan perilaku perawatan ibu pada balita ISPA adalah 0,012; 0,003; 0,005; 0,043; 0,004; dan 0,030. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara peran tenaga kesehatan dengan perilaku perawatan ibu pada balita yang menderita ISPA.

Background: Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is the most common disease among children aged 1-4 years and one of the causes of children under-five mortality in Indonesia. The prevalence of ARI disease in children under-five in Indonesia is about 25%. Mothers have an important role in the prevention and the care of under-five-children suffering from ARI. However, there are still imprecise behavior of the mother in treat in under-five children suffering from ARI. The behavior of mothers in caring for under-five-children suffering from ARI is related to the role of health professional. Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship between the health professional's role with the mother's care behavior on under-five-children suffering from ARI at Puskesmas Dukun, Magelang regency. Method: This is a quantitative study with correlational analytic method, and cross-sectional design.This study was conducted in March 2017 until April 2017 to 89 mothers who have under-five-children suffering from ARI. This study used a questionnaire of the health professional's role by Silaban (2015) and a questionnaire on mother behavior by Octaviani (2015) which had been modified. The analysis of bivariate data in this study used Chi-Square test. Results of the Study: The health professional's role as the customer, the communicator, the motivator, the facilitator, and the counselor in handling the under-five suffering from ARI, based on the mother's perception,is belong to well category. This is about 67 (75.3%) of respondents rated the health professional's role as good customers, about 82 (92.1%) of respondents rated the role of health professional's role as good communicators, about 61 (68.5%) of respondents ratedthe health professional's role as good motivators, about 47 (52.8%) of respondents rated the health professional's role as good facilitators, and 72 (80.9%) of respondents rated the health professional's role as good counselors. Mother's care behavioron under-five-children suffering from ARI was also included into the good category (53,9%). Chi-Square test-results with 95% of credibility level obtained that the value of each health professional's roles as customers, communicators, motivators, facilitators, counselors, and total score with the mother's care behavior for under-five-children suffering from ARI is about 0.012; 0.003; 0.005; 0.043; 0.004; and 0,030. Conclusion: There was a correlation between the health professional's role role with the mother's care behavior on under-five suffering from ARI.

Kata Kunci : ISPA, balita, peran tenaga kesehatan, perilaku perawatan ibu