STRATEGI ADAPTASI MASYARAKAT PESISIR DALAM PENANGANAN BENCANA BANJIR ROB DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KETAHANAN WILAYAH (STUDI DI DESA BEDONO KECAMATAN SAYUNG KABUPATEN DEMAK JAWA TENGAH)

AKHMAD ASROFI, Prof.Dr.Su Ritohardoyo,M.A;Dr.Danang Sri Hadmoko,S.Si.,M.Sc

2017 | Tesis | S2 Ketahanan Nasional

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai strategi adaptasi masyarakat pesisir di Desa Bedono Kecamatan Sayung Kabupaten Demak akibat bencana banjir rob dan implikasinya terhadap ketahanan wilayah. Tujuan penelitian (1), untuk mengetahui strategi adaptasi masyarakat Desa Bedono Kecamatan Sayung Kabupaten Demak akibat bencana banjir rob, (2) Untuk mengetahui implikasi bencana banjir rob terhadap ketahanan wilayah di Desa Bedono Kecamatan Sayung Kabupaten Demak. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Desa Bedono Kecamatan Sayung Kabupaten Demak dan objek penelitian adalah strategi adaptasi masyarakat akibat bencana banjir rob dan implikasinya terhadap ketahanan wilayah. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, studi pustaka dan penelusuran laman online. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bencana banjir rob telah menyebabkan berbagai macam kerugian ditinjau dari aspek fisik, sosial dan ekonomi. Meskipun kerugian yang ditimbulkan akibat bencana banjir rob sangat besar, masyarakat Desa Bedono tetap bertahan dengan melakukan berbagai macam strategi adaptasi. Adaptasi yang dilakukan masyarakat Desa Bedono dilakukan meliputi aspek fisik, ekonomi dan sosial. Adaptasi dalam aspek fisik di antaranya meninggikan bangunan dan jalan, membuat penahan tanah dari bambu di pinggir jalan, mengubah bentuk rumah menjadi bentuk panggung, menempatkan dokumen- dukumen di tempat yang tinggi, memasang jaring pengaman pada sekeliling tambak. Adaptasi dalam aspek ekonomi dengan cara mengubah mata pencaharian yang sebelumnya berprofesi sebagai petambak menjadi penjual makanan, pengoj ek, tukang parkir dan pekerjaan kasar lainnya. Adaptasi dalam bidang sosial dapat dilihat pada kegiatan hajatan, keagamaan dan pemakaman. Penyelenggaraan hajatan dilakukan dengan cara meninggikan lokasi acara dengan cara membuat panggung atau pengurugan tanah, pada kegiatan keagamaan berupa kegiatan yasinan dan tahlilan dilakukan adaptasi dengan melaksanakan kegiatan tersebut di masjid/mushola yang sebelumnya dilakukan dengan cara bergiliran ke rumah warga dan pada proses pemakaman dilakukan strategi adaptasi berupa pembuatan peti mati yang menyerupai perahu sehingga jenazah tidak mengambang ke permukaan. Bencana rob mengakibatkan berbagai macam kerusakan yang berimplikasi kepada pada ketahanan wilayah di Desa Bedono.

This research discussed about the adap tation strategies of coastal peoples in the Bedono Village, Sayung Sub-district of Demak Regency duetotidal flood disaster and it imp lications for regional resiliency. The purposes of the research are (1), to determine the adaptation strategy of the peoples of Bedono Village, Sayung Sub-district of Demak Regency duetotidal flood disaster, (2) To determine the implications of the tidal flood disaster f or regional resiliency in the Bedono Village Sayung Sub-district of Demak Regency. The imp lementation of this research used qualitative research method. The subject of it were the peoples of Bedono Village, Sayung sub-district of Demak regency, and the obj ect of it were the adaptation strategy of the peoples caused of tidal flood disaster and it imp lication for regional resiliency. Observation, indepth interview, documentation study, literature study and online p age searching have done in order to collect the data. Data analysis techniques in this research used data reduction, data p resentation and getting the conclusion. The result of the research showed that the tidal flood disaster had caused tremendous impact on physical, social and economic sectors. Despite the imp acts had caused by the tidal flood disaster was very large, the peoples of Bedono Village survived by doing various kinds of adaptation strategies. The adaptations have been conducted by the peoples of Bedono Village included physical, economic and social sectors. Adaptations in the physical sector were including elevating the buildings and the streets, making the retaining of land with "Trucuk" bamboo on the side of the streets, changing the shape of the house into the form of a stage, putting the documents on the high place, installing a safety net around the pond. Adaptations in the economic sector have been conducted changing the previously livelihoods working as farmers become f ood sellers, motor drivers, parking men and other menial jobs. Adaptations in the social sector can be seen in the traditional celebrations, religious and funeral activities. Imp lementation of the traditional celebration were done by raising the event location such as making the stage or retaining land, on religious activities in the form of Yasinan and Tahlilan were done the adaptations by doing those activities at the mosque/small mosque which was done by taking turns to homes of people before and the funeral process was done the adaptation strategies such as making coffins that same as the boat so that the bodies do not float to the surface. Tidal flood resulted several damages that has implicated f or the regional resiliency of the Bedono Village

Kata Kunci : dap tation Strategies, Coastal Peop les, Tidal Disaster, Regional Resilience