EFEKTIVITAS APLIKASI GEL COENZYM Q10 PASCA KURETASE PADA PERAWATAN PERIODONTITIS KRONIS (Tinjauan terhadap Bleeding on Probing, Pocket Depth,Clinical Attachment Level, dan Tinggi Tulang Alveolar)

AINI MOELJONO, Dr. drg. Dahlia Herawati, SU., SpPerio(K) ; drg. Al Sri Koes Soesilowati H,SU.,SpPerio(K)

2017 | Tesis-Spesialis | SP PERIODONSIA

Periodontitis kronis adalah infeksi jaringan periodontal yang diawali dengan adanya bakteri, inflamasi kronis, peningkatan kadar Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) yang berlebihan, mengakibatkan destruksi jaringan ikat dan tulang alveolar sehingga terjadi kehilangan perlekatan pada gigi yang bersifat irreversible. Kuretase merupakan tindakan mengeliminasi faktor lokal dan jaringan granulasi serta memicu pembentukan jaringan sehat. Coenzym Q10 ialah antioksidan yang dapat mengikat ROS yang berlebih dan mencegah diferensiasi osteoklas serta memicu diferensiasi osteoblas. Melihat manfaat Coenzym Q10, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas aplikasi gel CoQ10 pasca kuretase pada perawatan periodontitis kronis. Sampel 30 poket periodontal dengan kedalaman 4-6mm, dibagi dua; kelompok kuretase ditambah gel CoQ10 dan kelompok kuretase saja. Setiap poket diukur nilai bleeding on probing, pocket depth, clinical attachment level dan tinggi tulang alveolar. Penambahan CoQ10 dilakukan hari ke-0,7, 14 dan 21 pasca kuretase. Pengambilan data setelah hari ke-0 dilakukan pada hari ke-7,14,21 untuk bleeding on probing, hari ke-28, bulan ke-3 dan 6 untuk pocket depth, clinical attachment level, bulan ke-3 dan 6 untuk tinggi tulang alveolar. Data bleeding on probing dianalisis dengan Chi Square. Data reduksi rerata pocket depth, clinical attachment level dianalisis dengan uji Mann Whitney, reduksi rerata tinggi tulang alveolar dianalisis dengan uji Independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kelompok kuretase+CoQ10 terdapat penurunan pocket depth, clinical attachment level dan peningkatan tinggi tulang alveolar yang lebih besar daripada kuretase saja (p<0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan nilai bleeding on probing antar kedua kelompok (p>0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi gel CoQ10 sebagai bahan tambahan perawatan periodontitis kronis pasca kuretase efektif menurunkan pocket depth, clinical attachment level, dan meningkatkan tinggi tulang alveolar. Kata kunci :Periodontitis kronis, kuretase, Coenzym Q10.

Chronic Periodontitis is an infection of periodontal tissue that begins with the presence of bacteria, chronic inflammation, excessive levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and associated with destruction of connective tissue and alveolar bone, causing loss of attachment of the teeth. Curettage eliminate local factors and triggers the formation of granulation tissue and healthy tissue. Coenzymes Q10 is a powerful antioxidant that bloked ROS and may prevent osteoclast differentiation and trigger osteoblast differentiation. Seeing the benefits of coenzymes Q10, the study aims to determine the effectiveness of CoQ10 gel application post-curettage in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. The sample consisted of 30 periondontal pockets, which depth between 4-6mm,were divided into two groups; control group was treated by curettage only, while the test group was treated by curettage combine with intrapocket application of CoQ10 gel that was admininstrated in day 0, 7th, 14th and 21st day post-curettage. Controls carried out on days 7,14,21 for bleeding on probing data retrieval, days 28, 3rd and 6th month for data retrieval pocket depth, clinical atachment level, 3rd and 6th month for alveolar bone height. The data was analyzed by Chi Square for bleeding on probing. Data reduction in the average pocket depth and clinical attachment level were analyzed by Mann Whitney test, the mean reduction in alveolar bone height were analyzed by Independent sample t-test. There were greater reduction of pocket depth, clinical attahment level, and elevation of alveolar bone height for the curretage+CoQ10 group(p>0,05). There was no significant difference for bleeding on probing point. It can be concluded that CoQ10 gel applications as additives post-curettage treatment of chronic periodontitis was effective in reducing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and increase the height of the alveolar bone. Keywords: Chronic Periodontitis, curettage, Coenzym Q10

Kata Kunci : Periodontitis kronis, kuretase, Coenzym Q10.