KORELASI KEPADATAN KOLONI MALASSEZIA Sp, KADAR SEBUM, DAN TRANS EPIDERMAL WATER LOSS TERHADAP KEPARAHAN KETOMBE PADA WANITA

AFFENDI PURBANANTO, dr. Dwi Retno Adi Winarni, Sp.KK(K).; dr. Agnes Sri Siswati, Sp.KK(K)

2017 | Tesis-Spesialis | SP ILMU PENYAKIT KULIT DAN KELAMIN

Latar Belakang: Ketombe merupakan gangguan kulit kepala dengan skuama putih keperakan yang dapat disertai rasa gatal dan inflamasi ringan. Malassezia sp, kadar sebum, dan kerentanan individu yang dinilai dari Trans Epidermal Water Loss (TEWL) diduga memiliki peranan terhadap terjadinya ketombe. Tujuan: Mengetahui korelasi kepadatan koloni Malassezia sp, kadar sebum, dan TEWL terhadap keparahan ketombe Metode: Penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan potong lintang dilakukan di ruang penelitian Departemen Dermatologi dan Venereologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta pada bulan Februari hingga Maret 2017. Analisis bivariat untuk mengetahui korelasi kepadatan koloni Malassezia sp, kadar sebum, TEWL terhadap keparahan ketombe menggunakan Pearson, dengan uji alternatif menggunakan Spearman. Analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi linier. Kemaknaan hasi uji statistik berdasarkan nilai p < 0,05. Hasil: Penelitian ini melibatkan 62 wanita berketombe yang berusia 18-50 tahun. Didapatkan uji korelasi analisis bivariat yang bermakna antara kepadatan koloni Malassezia sp dengan keparahan ketombe (p = 0,000) dengan korelasi positif sedang (r = 0,534). Kadar sebum dan TEWL didapatkan hasil yang tidak bermakna (p > 0,05). Analisis multivariat juga menunjukkan korelasi bermakna antara kepadatan koloni Malassezia terhadap keparahan ketombe (p = 0,000). Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi positif sedang yang bermakna antara kepadatan koloni Malassezia sp terhadap keparahan ketombe pada wanita. Tidak terdapat korelasi yang bermakna antara kadar sebum dan TEWL terhadap keparahan ketombe.

Background: Dandruff is a scalp disorder with a silvery white scale that can be accompanied by itching and mild inflammation. Malassezia sp, sebum levels, and individual susceptibility assessed by Trans Epidermal Water Loss (TEWL) are thought to have a role in dandruff. Objectives: To investigate the correlation of Malassezia sp colony density, sebum levels, and TEWL to the severity of dandruff Methods: Observational analytical research with cross sectional design was conducted in the research room of Dermatology Department and Venereology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta in February until March 2017. Bivariate analysis to determine the correlation of Malassezia sp colony density, sebum level, TEWL to severity of dandruff using Pearson correlation test, or Spearman correlation test as an alternative test. Multivariate analysis using linear regression test. Significance of statistical test based on p value < 0.05. Results: This study involves 62 women with dandruff that aged 18-50 years old. There was significant correlation test of bivariate analysis between density of Malassezia sp colonies and dandruff severity (p = 0.000) with moderate positive correlation (r = 0.534), but level of sebum and TEWL not significant (p > 0.05). In multivariate analysis also showed a significant correlation between Malassezia sp colony density and the severity of dandruff (p = 0.000), but sebum and TEWL levels were not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant moderate positive correlation of the density of Malassezia sp colonies to the severity of dandruff in women, but there is not significant correlation of sebum and TEWL levels to the severity of dandruff.

Kata Kunci : ketombe, koloni Malassezia sp, kadar sebum, Trans Epidermal Water Loss, dandruff, Malassezia sp colonies, sebum levels, Trans Epidermal Water Loss