IDENTIFIKASI PERMASALAHAN PHARMACEUTICAL CARE PADA PASIEN DENGAN PENYAKIT HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS KASIHAN I DAN KASIHAN II KABUPATEN BANTUL

AFISTA NILA OCTAVIAN, Dr. Nanang Munif Yasin, M.Pharm., Apt;Fivy Kurniawati, M.Sc., Apt

2017 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Angka prevalensi hipertensi memperlihatkan peningkatan signifikan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Keberhasilan terapi hipertensi membutuhkan pendekatan yang komprehensif dan intensif dari tenaga kesehatan. Apoteker dituntut untuk mengoptimalkan pharmaceutical care sehingga diharapkan mampu meningkatkan luaran klinik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran pelaksanaan pharmaceutical care meliputi aspek edukasi, pelayanan informasi obat, keamanan, dan efektivitas terapi, gambaran tingkat kepatuhan pasien, serta mengidentifikasi permasalahan pharmaceutical care pada pasien hipertensi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional dengan pengambilan sampel yang dilakukan secara concurrent. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan lembar observasi untuk pasien hipertensi di instalasi rawat jalan Puskesmas Kasihan I dan Kasihan II Kabupaten Bantul periode November-Februari 2017. Lembar observasi yang digunakan mengacu pada panduan nasional pharmaceutical care untuk penyakit hipertensi, pedoman pelayanan kefarmasian di Puskesmas, dan kuesioner Modified Morisky Scale. Data hasil wawancara dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian dari 69 pasien menunjukkan bahwa 49 (71,0%) pasien mendapatkan edukasi, 69 (100%) pasien mendapatkan pelayanan informasi obat, 12 (17,4%) pasien mencapai target tekanan darah, 4 (5,8%) pasien diduga mengalami efek samping obat, 3 (4,3%) pasien berpotensi mengalami interaksi obat, dan 35 (50,7%) pasien memiliki tingkat kepatuhan tinggi. Permasalahan pharmaceutical care pada pasien hipertensi adalah kurangnya edukasi meliputi pengertian hipertensi, penyebab hipertensi, dan pola hidup sehat. Selain itu, kurangnya monitoring meliputi tekanan darah, efek samping obat, interaksi obat, dan kepatuhan pasien.

The prevalence of hypertension shows a significant increase in recent years. The success of the treatment of hypertension requires a comprehensive and intensive approach from healthcare personnel. Pharmacists are required to optimize pharmaceutical care that are expected to improve the clinical outcome. This study aims to look at the picture of the implementation of pharmaceutical care including aspects of education, drug information service, safety, and effectiveness of the therapy, see the picture of the level of patient adherence, as well as identify the problems of pharmaceutical care in hypertensive patients. This study was cross sectional study with concurrent sampling. Data collection techniques were using observation sheets for hypertension patients in outpatient health center installation in Puskesmas Kasihan I and Kasihan II Kabupaten Bantul from November to February 2017. The observation sheets used refers to national pharmaceutical care guidelines for hypertensive patients, pharmacy service guidelines in Puskesmas, and Modified Morisky Scale questionnaires. Interview data were analyzed descriptively. The result of the study was from a total of 69 patients showed that 49 (71.0%) patients received education, 69 (100%) patients received the drug information service, 12 (17.4%) patients achieved the target blood pressure, 4 (5, 8%) patients suspected had side effects of drugs, 3 (4.3%) patients potentially had drug interactions, and 35 (50.7%) patients had a high level of adherence. Pharmaceutical care problems in hypertensive patients were lack of education including the understanding of hypertension, the cause of hypertension and healthy lifestyle. In addition, it includes blood pressure monitoring, drug side effects, drug interactions, and patient adherence.

Kata Kunci : permasalahan, pharmaceutical care, hipertensi, puskesmas