Hubungan Drug Related Problems dengan Outcome Terapi pada Pasien Hipertensi Rawat Jalan di Puskesmas Kecamatan Mlati Kabupaten Sleman

LEFIANI, Dr. Fita Rahmawati, Sp.FRS., Apt. ; Dr. Tri Murti Andayani, Sp.FRS., Apt.

2017 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Identifikasi drug related problems (DRPs) penting untuk meningkatkan efektivitas terapi obat pada penyakit yang membutuhkan pengobatan jangka panjang seperti hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase kejadian setiap kategori drug related problems dan mengetahui hubungan antara drug related problems dengan outcome terapi pada pasien hipertensi rawat jalan di Puskesmas Mlati I dan II. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik cross-sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara consecutive sampling pada pasien hipertensi rawat jalan di Puskesmas Mlati I dan II yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi yang telah ditetapkan dalam penelitian. Data dikumpulkan secara retrospektif yang berasal dari rekam medik dan resep, selanjutnya dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk mengidentifikasi DRPs, serta analisis menggunakan Fisher exact test untuk melihat hubungan antara drug related problems dengan outcome terapi pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 96 pasien yang diteliti, sebanyak 88,54% pasien mengalami drug related problems dengan total DRPs sebanyak 153 kejadian. Persentase kejadian setiap kategorinya yaitu memerlukan tambahan terapi obat sebesar 15,03%, obat tidak efektif sebesar 0,65%, dosis terlalu rendah sebesar 22,22%, timbulnya reaksi obat merugikan berupa interaksi obat sebesar 12,42%, timbulnya reaksi obat yang merugikan berupa diperlukan obat yang lebih aman karena terdapat faktor risiko sebesar 7,19%, dan ketidakpatuhan sebesar 42,48%. Terdapat hubungan antara drug related problems dengan outcome terapi (p <0,0001), dalam hal ini ketercapaian target tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi rawat jalan.

Identification of drug related problems (DRPs) is important to improve the effectiveness of drug therapy in diseases that require long-term treatment such as hypertension. This research aims to determine the percentage incidence of each category of drug related problems and to know the relation between drug related problems with therapeutic outcome in outpatient hypertension at Puskesmas Mlati I and II. This research is an cross-sectional analytical study. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling on outpatient hypertension at Puskesmas Mlati I and II which fulfilled the inclusion criteria established in the study. Data were collected retrospectively from medical records and prescriptions, then analyzed descriptively to identify DRPs, and analyzes using Fisher exact test to know the relation between drug related problems and patient’s therapeutic outcome. The results showed that of 96 patients studied, 88,54% of patients had drug related problems with total 153 incidence of DRPs. The percentage of incidence each category that needed of additional medicine therapy were 15,03%, ineffective drug therapy were 0,65%, underdose were 22,22%, the occurrence of adverse drug reaction because of the drugs interaction were 12,42%, needs of more safety medicine because of the risk factor were 7,19%, and noncompliance were 42,48%. There was a relation between drug related problems with therapeutic outcome (p <0.0001), in this case the target achievement in the blood pressure of outpatient hypertension.

Kata Kunci : Kata kunci: Drug related problems, hipertensi, outcome terapi/Keywords: Drug related problems, hypertension, therapeutic outcome.