IDENTIFIKASI PERMASALAHAN PHARMACEUTICAL CARE PADA PASIEN DENGAN PENYAKIT HIPERTENSI DI LIMA PUSKESMAS KABUPATEN SLEMAN

MITA YUNIARSANDY, Dr. Nanang Munif Yasin, M.Pharm., Apt; Rr. Fivy Kurniawati, M.Sc., Apt.

2017 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Tingginya prevalensi penyakit hipertensi di Puskesmas Kabupaten Sleman, yang merupakan ujung tombak pelayanan kesehatan Indonesia, membutuhkan optimalisasi pelaksanaan pharmaceutical care (PC) oleh apoteker. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan gambaran penerapan PC oleh apoteker di Puskesmas Kabupaten Sleman; mengidentifikasi permasalahan PC pasien hipertensi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah pasien di lima Puskesmas Kabupaten Sleman pada bulan Desember 2016 hingga Maret 2017 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara concurrent. Instrumen yang diperlukan yaitu lembar observasional permasalahan PC diadaptasi dari Pharmaceutical Care pada Pasien Hipertensi, Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Puskesmas 2014, dan Modified Morisky Scale (MMS). Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Sebanyak 72 pasien hipertensi terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Gambaran praktek pelayanan PC di Puskesmas meliputi edukasi, informasi obat dan hasil monitoring. Pada aspek edukasi, persentase pelaksanaan PC oleh apoteker masih 0%, sehingga pasien membutuhkan edukasi secara rinci dan berkala. Pada aspek PIO, lebih dari 90% pasien belum menerima informasi pengatasan ESO, penjelasan ESO, dan penyimpanan obat, maka dibutuhkan pemberian informasi yang lengkap dan tepat. Persentase pelaksanaan PC PIO oleh apoteker mencapai 37,5%. Efek samping dialami oleh 5 pasien. Tekanan darah pada 40% pasien belum mencapai target, dibutuhkan pemantauan terapi setiap kali kembali ke Puskesmas. Sebanyak 43,10% pasien berkepatuhan rendah dan sebanyak 45,83% membutuhkan PMO. Persentase pelaksanaan PC monitoring yaitu 0%.

The high prevalence of hypertension in Sleman District Health Center, which is spearheading the Indonesian health ministry, requires the optimization of the implementation of pharmaceutical care (PC) by a pharmacist. The purpose of this study is to get an overview PC application by pharmacists in Puskesmas Sleman and identify the problem of PC in hypertensive patients. This study is a cross sectional study. Samples are taken from patients in five Puskesmas at Sleman district during December 2016 through March 2017 who fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sampling was conducted concurrently. The necessary instruments are pieces of observational problems PC adaptation of the Pharmaceutical Care in Patients with Hypertension, Standards of Pharmaceutical Services in the Puskesmas in 2014, and the Modified Morisky Scale (MMS). The data obtained and analyzed descriptively. A total of 72 hypertensive patients involved in this study. Overview PC service practices in the health center include education, drug information and monitoring result. In the aspect of education, the percentage of implementation of the PC by the pharmacist is 0 %, so patients need a detailed and periodic education from pharmacist. In the aspect of drug information services, more than 90 % of patients had not received information about side effect of the drug explanation and place to storage the medicines, it takes giving a complete and precise information. Percentage of PC implementation drug information services by pharmacists reached 37.5%. Side effects experienced by 5 patients. Blood pressure in 40% of patients have not reached the target, they are required monitoring of therapy each time returned to the health center (Puskesmas). A total of 43.10% of patients who had low adherence and as much as 45.83% require supervisor for consuming drug. Percentage of PC in monitoring implementation is 0%.

Kata Kunci : kata Kunci: Hipertensi, Pharmaceutical care, Puskesmas, Sleman