Permasalahan Pendidikan Inklusif di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

RIDHO NURWANTORO, R.b. Abdul Gaffar Karim, S.I.P., M.A.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU PEMERINTAHAN (POLITIK DAN PEMERINTAHAN)

Studi ini mencoba menelusuri permasalahan pendidikan inklusif di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, daerah pro pendidikan inklusif. Ketidaksesuaian kualitas pendidikan inklusif dengan status pro pendidikan inklusif di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tercermin melalui layanan yang tidak sepenuhnya akomodatif terhadap semua jenis siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Luasan spasial dari penelitian ini mencakup kota Yogyakarta, Sleman, Bantul, Kulon Progo dan Gunung Kidul. Studi ini menggunakan perspektif Beetham tentang demokrasi. Dalam sudut pandang ini, permasalahan pada urusan publik dapat ditelusuri dengan memperhatikan kondisi tiga belas institusi demokrasi, yaitu: 1. equal citizenship, 2. rule of law, 3. equal justice, 4. universal human right, 5. democratic political representation, 6. citizen's participation, 7. institutionalized channels for interest and issue-based representation, 8. democratic control of instrument of coercion, 9. local democracy, 10. transparent, impartial, and accountable governance, 11. government's independence to make decisions and implement them, 12. freedom and equal chances to access to public discourse, 13. democratic citizen's self-organizing. Dengan mengindahkan kondisi ketiga belas institusi demokasi, ditemukan bahwa akar permasalahan pendidikan inklusif berhulu pada ketidaksempurnaan pembingkaian isu pendidikan inklusif, keterbatasan kapasitas instansi-instansi penyelenggara, dan lemahnya tuntutan perbaikan mutu layanan dari wali murid.

This research struggles to reveal the major causes of inclusive education's problem in Special Region of Yogyakarta, the province that is reputable for its concern on inclusive education. Despite its reputation, Special Region of Yogyakarta's inclusive education doesn't completely accommodate all types of student with disability. It only accommodates students with physical disability out of three main categories of disability: physical, sensoric, and social disability. Spatial scope of the research includes five city and regencies in Special Region of Yogyakarta, namely city of Yogyakarta, Sleman, Bantul, Kulon Progo, and Gunung Kidul. This research uses Beethamian perspective of democracy. In this view point, the problem of public affair can be traced by considering conditions of thirteen democratic institutions: 1. equal citizenship, 2. rule of law, 3. equal justice, 4. universal human rights, 5. democratic political representation, 6. citizen's participation, 7. institutionalized channels for interest and issue-based representation, 8. democratic control of instrument of coercion, 9. local democracy, 10. transparent, impartial, and accountable governance, 11. govenment's independence to make decisions and implement them, 12. freedom and equal chances to access to public discourse, 13. democratic citizen's self-organizing. Based on analyzes of democratic institutions' conditions, it was found that the root causes of province's inclusive education problems are partial framing of inclusive education issue, capacity lack of executive agencies, and low demand of disabled students' parents in improving service quality.

Kata Kunci : Pendidikan Inklusif, Urusan Publik, Institusi Demokrasi, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta/ Inclusive Education, Public Affairs, Institution of Democracy, Special Region of Yogyakarta.