DONGENG WAYANG KANCIL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERILAKU MANAJEMEN SAMPAH PADA ANAK USIA DINI

WAKHID MUSTHOFA, Prof. Drs. Koentjoro, MBSc., Ph.D., Psikolog

2017 | Tesis | S2 Psikologi Profesi

Sekolah menjadi sarana untuk mengatasi persoalan sampah dengan mengajarkan perilaku hidup bersih melalui psikoedukasi. Dongeng menggunakan media wayang kancil menjadi metode alternatif untuk mengajarkan perilaku manajemen sampah sejak dini, karena dongeng fabel dekat dengan dunia anak dan proses belajar menggunakan dongeng memungkinkan adanya interaksi siswa dengan pendongeng. Penelitian action research ini melibatkan 14 siswa TK B di satu lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini di kota Yogyakarta. Metode eksperimen desain A-B-A digunakan untuk menguji pengaruh dongeng menggunakan wayang kancil untuk meningkatkan perilaku manajemen sampah pada anak usia dini. Proses pengukuran baseline, pelaksanaan intervensi, dan pengukuran reversal dilaksanakan secara berurutan dalam waktu 9 hari dengan lembar observasi serta dilakukan tes pemahaman sebelum dan setelah intervensi. Data hasil observasi dianalisis menggunakan graphic analysis sedangkan skor pemahaman diuji dengan Paired sample t-tes. Uji reliabilitas inter-rater menghasilkan koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0,971. Skor pemahaman sebelum dan setelah intervensi meningkat sangat signifikan (p=0,000 ; < 0,01). Hasil penelitian membuktikan hipotesis bahwa dongeng wayang kancil dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan perilaku manajemen sampah pada anak usia dini (menurunkan perilaku excessive dan meningkatkan perilaku deficit). Kata kunci: manajemen sampah, perilaku membuang sampah, wayang kancil

School becomes medium to solve the littering problems through psychoeducation which is teaching clean life behavior. Storytelling using wayang kancil become alternative method to teach litter management behavior in the preschool children because the fable storytelling is close to children and the education process through it opens interraction between childreen and the storyteller. This action research study engaging 14 students from an institutions of early childhood education in the city of Yogyakarta as the experimental respondent. A method of experiment A-B-A design is used to measure the influence of storytelling using wayang kancil to enhance the litter management behavior in early childhood. The behavior measurement of litter management for subject is well conducted at the baseline, intervention, and reversal phase for 9 days using behavioral observation. The test of understanding is also conducted before and after the intervention. The data analysis uses graphic and statistical analysis. The purpose of analysis is to know if there are baseline and reversal score differences in the subject of experiment. Reliability test inter-rater produced the coefficient reliability of 0,971. A statistical test using Paired sample t-tes shows that understanding score before and after the intervention was very significant increased ( p=0,000; ; p<0.01). Results proved the hypothesis that storytelling using wayang kancil can improve understanding and behavior of litter management in early childhood. It has decreased excessive behavior and also increased the deficit one. Keywords: litter management, littering behavior, wayang kancil

Kata Kunci : litter management, littering behavior, wayang kancil, manajemen sampah, perilaku membuang sampah