Pengaruh Pemberian Suplementasi Taburia (Sprinkle) + Telur Terhadap Kemampuan Verbal Anak Balita Stunting

WIEKE APRIANA. AK, Dr. Toto Sudargo, SKM, M.Kes ; Dr. rer. nat. dr. BJ. Istiti Kandarina

2017 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar belakang: Stunting/pendek merupakan masalah gizi kronis akibat permasalah gizi di masa lalunya dan berlangsung lama sehingga dapat mengganggu perkembangan kognitif, motorik, dan verbal/bahasa anak, serta dapat mempengaruhi kinerja sistem saraf sehingga dapat menurunkan kecerdasan anak. Pemberian beberapa suplementasi zat gizi mikro dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif pada anak. Pemberian taburia dapat meningkatkan perkembangan motorik anak balita. Selain taburia, pemberian telur serta kombinasi telur dengan iodin dan zat besi juga dapat meningkatkan kognitif anak dilihat dari skor IQ. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh pemberian suplementasi taburia (sprinkle) + telur terhadap kemampuan verbal anak balita stunting. Metode: Quasi eksperimental community intervention dengan rancangan cross-over design serta pre dan post-test. Intervensi yang diberikan berupa suplementasi taburia dan telur selama 2 bulan, periode wash out 1 bulan, dan dilanjutkan intervensi kedua berupa suplementasi taburia saja selama 2 bulan. Subjek penelitian adalah 39 anak balita stunting di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Mlati 2 dan Puskesmas Seyegan, Kabupaten Sleman. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan pengukuran antropometri, pengukuran kemampuan verbal oleh psikolog, dan pengisian kuesioner. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat menggunakan software STATA. Hasil: Pemberian suplementasi taburia dan telur berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan kemampuan verbal anak balita stunting dibuktikan dari p-value<0,05. Pemberian suplementasi taburia saja tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan kemampuan verbal anak balita stunting dibuktikan dari p-value>0,05. Pengaruh suplementasi taburia dan telur tidak memberikan efek berbeda dengan suplementasi taburia saja terhadap peningkatan kemampuan verbal anak balita stunting. Hasil analisis regresi linier berganda menunjukkan intervensi yang diberikan berupa taburia dan telur tidak dipengaruhi oleh confounder atau variabel luar berupa infeksi, pola asuh, dan asupan zat gizi. Kesimpulan: Pemberian suplementasi taburia dan telur berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan kemampuan verbal anak balita stunting. KATA KUNCI : Balita, stunting, taburia, telur, kemampuan verbal 1 Mahasiswa S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, FK UGM ([e-mail]) 2 Bagian Gizi Kesehatan, Fakultas Kedokteran, UGM 3 Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kedokteran, UGM

Background: Stunting is a chronic nutritional condition caused by nutritional problem in the past and takes place in a long term that it could impair the cognitive, motoric, and verbal growth of children. It could also affect the performance of their nerve system and degrade their level of intelligence. The administration of some micronutrient supplement could enhance children's cognitive ability. Sprinkle supplementation could enhance children's motoric development. Besides sprinkle supplement, the administration of egg and the combination of egg with iodine and iron could also enhance children's cognitive ability based on their IQ score. Objective: To analyze the effect of sprinkle supplement with egg administration on the verbal ability of stunted children. Methods: This study was a quasi experimental community intervention with a cross-over design using pre and post-test. The interventions given were sprinkle supplement with egg which administered for 2 months, wash-out period for a month, and then followed up with the second intervention with only sprinkle supplement for 2 months. The study subject was 31 stunted children included in the working area of Puskesmas Mlati 2 and Puskesmas Seyegan, Sleman District. The data were collected by doing anthropometry measurement, verbal ability measurement done by a psychiatrist, and filling a form. Data were analyzed in univariate, bivariate, and multivariat using STATA software. Results: Sprinkle supplement with egg, could increase significantly the verbal ability of stunted children with p-value<0,05. Sprinkle supplement alone did not significantly increase the verbal ability of stunted children with p-value>0,05. Sprinkle supplement with egg did not give a different effect with sprinkle supplement only to increase the verbal ability of stunted children. The result of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the interventions given were not affected by confounder or any external variables such as infection, parenting, and nutrient intake. Background: Stunting is a chronic nutritional condition caused by nutritional problem in the past and takes place in a long term that it could impair the cognitive, motoric, and verbal growth of children. It could also affect the performance of their nerve system and degrade their level of intelligence. The administration of some micronutrient supplement could enhance children's cognitive ability. Sprinkle supplementation could enhance children's motoric development. Besides sprinkle supplement, the administration of egg and the combination of egg with iodine and iron could also enhance children's cognitive ability based on their IQ score. Objective: To analyze the effect of sprinkle supplement with egg administration on the verbal ability of stunted children. Methods: This study was a quasi experimental community intervention with a cross-over design using pre and post-test. The interventions given were sprinkle supplement with egg which administered for 2 months, wash-out period for a month, and then followed up with the second intervention with only sprinkle supplement for 2 months. The study subject was 31 stunted children included in the working area of Puskesmas Mlati 2 and Puskesmas Seyegan, Sleman District. The data were collected by doing anthropometry measurement, verbal ability measurement done by a psychiatrist, and filling a form. Data were analyzed in univariate, bivariate, and multivariat using STATA software. Results: Sprinkle supplement with egg, could increase significantly the verbal ability of stunted children with p-value<0,05. Sprinkle supplement alone did not significantly increase the verbal ability of stunted children with p-value>0,05. Sprinkle supplement with egg did not give a different effect with sprinkle supplement only to increase the verbal ability of stunted children. The result of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the interventions given were not affected by confounder or any external variables such as infection, parenting, and nutrient intake. Background: Stunting is a chronic nutritional condition caused by nutritional problem in the past and takes place in a long term that it could impair the cognitive, motoric, and verbal growth of children. It could also affect the performance of their nerve system and degrade their level of intelligence. The administration of some micronutrient supplement could enhance children�s cognitive ability. Sprinkle supplementation could enhance children's motoric development. Besides sprinkle supplement, the administration of egg and the combination of egg with iodine and iron could also enhance children's cognitive ability based on their IQ score. Objective: To analyze the effect of sprinkle supplement with egg administration on the verbal ability of stunted children. Methods: This study was a quasi experimental community intervention with a cross-over design using pre and post-test. The interventions given were sprinkle supplement with egg which administered for 2 months, wash-out period for a month, and then followed up with the second intervention with only sprinkle supplement for 2 months. The study subject was 31 stunted children included in the working area of Puskesmas Mlati 2 and Puskesmas Seyegan, Sleman District. The data were collected by doing anthropometry measurement, verbal ability measurement done by a psychiatrist, and filling a form. Data were analyzed in univariate, bivariate, and multivariat using STATA software. Results: Sprinkle supplement with egg, could increase significantly the verbal ability of stunted children with p-value<0,05. Sprinkle supplement alone did not significantly increase the verbal ability of stunted children with p-value>0,05. Sprinkle supplement with egg did not give a different effect with sprinkle supplement only to increase the verbal ability of stunted children. The result of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the interventions given were not affected by confounder or any external variables such as infection, parenting, and nutrient intake. Conclusion: Sprinkle supplement with egg, could increase significantly the verbal ability of stunted children with p-value<0,05. Keywords: children, stunting, sprinkle, egg, verbal ability 1 Student at Public Health Program, FK UGM ([e-mail]) 2 Health Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, UGM 3 Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, UGM

Kata Kunci : Balita, stunting, taburia, telur, kemampuan verbal / children, stunting, sprinkle, egg, verbal ability