STUDI FENOMENOLOGI PERSEPSI KELUARGA TERHADAP KEPEDULIAN/CARING PERAWAT DI RUANG INTENSIF ANAK RSUD TIDAR KOTA MAGELANG

FIKI WIJAYANTI, Dr. Fitri Haryanti, S.Kp., M.Kes.; Dr. Indria Laksmi Gamayanti, MSi., Psikolog.

2017 | Tesis | S2 Keperawatan

Latar belakang : Orang tua mengalami stres saat anak dirawat di ruang intensif. Stres disebabkan oleh kondisi anak, interaksi terbatas karena anak terpasang alat berteknologi tinggi. Perilaku kepedulian/caring perawat dapat menurunkan stres. Harapan orang tua terhadap tenaga kesehatan adalah mendapatkan perawatan yang baik, berada di samping anak, ikut terlibat dalam perawatan dan pemberian informasi. Penelitian sebelumnya menemukan bahwa perawat tidak memberikan berkomunikasi baik dan penjelasan kepada keluarga. Mengetahui persepsi orang tua tentang kepedulian perawat memberikan informasi lebih bagi perawat dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada pasien dan orang tua di ruang intensif anak. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi keluarga terhadap kepedulian/caring perawat di ruang intensif anak RSUD Tidar Kota Magelang Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli-Oktober 2016 di ruang intensif anak RSUD Tidar Kota Magelang. Metode pengumpulan data wawancara mendalam menggunakan pedoman wawancara semi terstruktur terhadap 7 partisipan yang terdiri dari orang tua dari anak yang dirawat yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling dan observasi yang dilakukan 9 kali. Analisis data dilakukan secara manual dengan tahapan analisis menurut Colaizzi dengan bantuan software Open Code versi 4.0.2.3. Hasil : Penelitian mendapatkan 8 tema yaitu makna kepedulian menurut orang tua (1) merawat dengan sepenuh hati, bentuk dukungan perawat kepada keluarga (2) memberikan dukungan sosial kepada keluarga, perilaku peduli perawat kepada keluarga dan pasien (3) membangun komunikasi dengan orang tua, (4) membangun kepercayaan orang tua kepada perawat (5) membantu kebutuhan dasar anak, masalah orang tua (6) kondisi psikologis orang tua dan (7) masalah ekonomi. Disamping itu peneliti juga mendapatkan temuan tambahan (8) harapan orang tua terhadap perawat Kesimpulan : Kepedulian perawat memberikan kenyamanan orang tua dan pasien yang dirawat di rumah sakit. Perawatan sepenuh hati yang diberikan perawat membuat orang tua percaya kepada perawat. Perilaku peduli merupakan sikap perawat untuk memberikan asuhan keperawatan kepada pasien dengan baik. Partisipasi aktif orang tua dalam perawatan anak meningkatkan rasa kedekatan perawat kepada orang tua.

Introduction: Parents generally feel stressful when their children are treated in intensive care unit (ICU) as they have concern in their children well-being. Moreover, interaction with their children is limited in PICU as their children are connected to various medical equipments. Nurses caring behavior could reduce parents stress. Parents expectations for health care professionals in PICU are proper treatment by the health care professionals, they are stand-by beside the children, involved in the treatments, and providing information for the parents. Previous studies regarding parents perception on nurses caring behavior show that there is a lack of communication and explanation from nurses to the family. Understanding parents perception on nurses caring behavior would give additional information for nurses in providing care for patients in PICU and their parents. Aim: To analyze family perception on nurses caring behavior in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of Tidar hospital, Magelang. Method: This was a qualitative study with phenomenological approach conducted from July to September 2016 in PICU of Tidar hospital, Magelang. Data was collected from in-depth interview using semi-structured interview guide to 7 participants. They were parents of treated child who were selected by purposive sampling.Observation was conducted 9 times. Data was manually analyzed in Colaizzis analytical steps using OpenCode version 4.0.2.3 software. Results: There were 8 themes in this study which was parents perception on nurses caring behavior (1) profound care, nurses support to family (2) providing social support to family, nurses caring behavior toward patients and their family, (3) building communication with parents, (4) building trust between parents and nurses, (5) fulfilling children basic needs, parents problems (6) parents psychological condition, and (7) financial problem. Moreover, authors found additional theme, (8) parents expectation on nurses. Conclusion: Nurses caring behavior provided comforts on patients and their parents. Nurses profound care improved parents confidence toward them. Nurses caring behavior was a sign of proper patient care. Parents active participation during the treatment of their children would build close relationship with the nurses

Kata Kunci : kepedulian, perawat, persepsi, keluarga, anak, ruang intensif anak, caring, nurse, family, perception, children, pediatric intensive care unit