Hubungan Anemia Ibu Hamil Trimester III dengan Panjang Badan Lahir

WAFDA ARDHIAN L, Diah Wulandari, M.Keb; Drs. Zulaela, Dipl.Med.Stats., M.Si

2017 | Tugas Akhir | D4 BIDAN PENDIDIK SV

Anemia ibu hamil merupakan salah satu penyakit maternal yang mempengaruhi antropometri bayi, salah satunya panjang badan. Bayi lahir dengan panjang badan pendek berisiko menjadi balita stunting dan berdampak pada lambatnya pertumbuhan fisik dan kognitif, penyakit degeneratif di masa dewasa, dan produktifitas rendah sehingga menjadi prediktor buruknya kualitas sumber daya manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan anemia ibu hamil trimester III dengan panjang badan lahir. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional. Populasi terjangkau penelitian ini yaitu semua ibu yang melahirkan dan bayi yang dilahirkan hidup di RSUD Wates pada bulan Agustus sampai September 2016. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode consecutive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 78 responden. Data diperoleh dari register audit maternal perinatal (AMP) dan rekam medis. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 20,5% bayi dengan panjang pendek dan berasal dari ibu yang mengalami anemia, sedangkan sebanyak 19,2% bayi dengan panjang badan pendek dan berasal dari ibu tidak anemia. Uji statistik didapatkan p-value = 0,005 dan Rasio Prevalensi (RP) = 2,1 (95% CI 1,263 sampai 3,603). Simpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara anemia ibu hamil trimester III dengan panjang badan lahir dan berisiko 2,1 kali melahirkan bayi dengan panjang badan pendek.

The Anaemia in pregnancy is one of the maternal diseases that affect the anthropometry of the baby, one of which is the body length. The babies born with a short body lengths have the risk becomes stunting babies and impacts on the slow growth of their physicals and cognitive, degenerative diseases in adulthood, and have low productivity to be a predictor of poor quality in human resources. This study aimed to determine the relationship between anaemia pregnant women in the third trimester and the body length of birth. The research methods used the cross-sectional designs. The population of this research was all mothers who gave birth and babies were born alive in Wates hospitals at August until September 2016. The sampling used the method of consecutive's sampling with a number of samples was 78 respondents. The data was obtained from the register of Audit Maternal Parental (AMP) and medical records. The data was analyzed using chi-square tests. The results showed that 20.5% of body lengths on short babies and mothers who affected anaemia, while 19.2% of body lengths on short babies and mothers who did not affect anaemia. The statistical test showed p-value = 0.005 and the prevalence ratio (PR) was obtained 2.1 (95% CI 1.263 to 3.603). We concluded there was a relationship between anaemia in third trimester with a body length of birth and showed that maternal anaemia has the risk around 2.1 times of having a baby with a short body length.

Kata Kunci : Anemia, panjang badan lahir, stunting/ Anaemia, body length of birth, stunting