MODEL SISTEM PENGAMANAN MUSEUM SONOBUDOYO SECARA TERPADU

ARYANI WIJAYANTI, Dr. Mahirta, M.A.

2017 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Arkeologi

Penelitian yang dilakukan mengambil topik pengamanan koleksi Museum Sonobudoyo Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh beberapa kasus kehilangan koleksi Museum Sonobudoyo yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengidentifikasi seberapa efektif pengamanan koleksi yang telah diterapkan di Museum Sonobudoyo Yogyakarta pada tahun 2010-2016 serta merumuskan model pengamanan koleksi museum yang cocok diaplikasikan pada Museum Sonobudoyo untuk mencegah resiko kehilangan koleksi-koleksinya. Faktor kehilangan yang dikaji meliputi pencurian, disosiasi serta kehilangan akibat kecerobohan staf dalam penanganan koleksi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara serta studi literatur. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara dapat diketahui potensi kehilangan koleksi, fasilitas fisik dan elektronik untuk mengamankan koleksi serta usaha pengamanan koleksi secara administratif yang telah diterapkan di Museum Sonobudoo Yogyakarta. Hasil dari studi literatur diperoleh kajian teoritis mengenai pengamanan koleksi museum yang selanjutnya disusun menjadi tolok ukur pengamanan koleksi. Setelah itu dilakukan proses evaluasi berdasarkan tolok ukur yang telah dibuat. Setelah itu, dilakukan proses evaluasi berdasarkan tolok ukur yang telah dibuat. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa pengamanan koleksi Museum Sonobudoyo harus dilakukan secara terpadu dari aspek fisik dan nonfisik. Personil museum mempunyai peran utama sebagai penentu segala macam kebijakan museum, pelaksana fungsi pengelolaan dan pengamanan museum serta menjalankan fungsi pengawasan. Pengamanan fisik museum meliputi sarana dan prasarana, alat pengamanan elektronik sedangkan pengamanan nonfisik meliputi penggunaan database koleksi serta segala kebijakan dan prosedur yang telah ada dalam museum. Seluruh sarana dan prasarana pengamanan fisik dan elektronik yang dimiliki museum membutuhkan pengecekan kondisi serta pemeliharaan secara berkala untuk mencegah resiko pencurian. Pelaksanaan seluruh kebijakan, prosedur serta penerapan database yang terintegrasi juga merupakan upaya preventif untuk mencegah kehilangan koleksi akibat disosiasi ataupun kesalahan penanganan koleksi secara tidak sengaja.

This topic of this study is security system for Museum Sonobudoyo Yogyakarta. Sonobudoyo collections are categorized as highly important and many of them have high potential of loss. Therefore, this study aims to understand and identify the effectiveness of security level implemented for Sonobudoyo Museum's collections during 2010-2016 and to formulate a museum collection security model applicable for Sonobudoyo Museum to further minimize their risk of losing more collections. Several factors being studied concerning the loss are; theft, disassociation of collections, and loss due to staffs' negligence in handling. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and literature studies. Observation and interview may enable us to know the potential for the loss of collection from observation and interview, some physical and electronic facilities employed to safeguard the collections and administrative safety measures taken by Sonobudoyo Museum are obtained. Literature studies would provide theoretical base about securing museum collection which will then be employed as a standard to measure collection security efforts. Next step is to perform evaluation based on the standard previously made. Evaluation provide us with insights concerning weaknesses in collection security efforts which then provide the foundation for building the model to secure collections. Based on the research I conclud that physical and non-physical aspects must be well integrated together in securing Sonobudoyo Museum's collections. Museum personnel play a critical role as the designer of museum policies and executors of museum management, security, and surveillance functions. Physical security includes facilities and infrastructures and electronic security devices while non-physical security includes collection database, policies and procedures available in the museum. All physical and electronic security devices require periodic maintenance to minimize the risk of theft. Implementation of policies, procedures and integrated collection database are preventive measures to prevent loss of collections through disassociation or accidental miss-handling of collections.

Kata Kunci : pengamanan, koleksi museum, terpadu, kehilangan, Museum Sonobudoyo