PEMIKIRAN ONGHOKHAM TENTANG HISTORIOGRAFI INDONESIA PASCAKOLONIAL (Analisis Filsafat Historiografi)

DANANG TRI PRASTIYO, Yulianingsih Riswan, S.Fil, M.A. Drs. Agus Wahyudi, M.Si,M.A

2017 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU FILSAFAT

Sejarah Nasional Indonesia (SNI) adalah proyek dekolonisasi historiografis yang niscaya bagi negara bekas jajahan. SNI menjadi penanda epistemologis-politis bagi upaya penegasan kemandirian tata pikir dan politik negara bangsa (nasion-state). Penelitian ini membahas pemikiran sejarawan Indonesia Onghokham sebagai objek material. Merefleksikan kapasitas gagasannya dalam kerangka proyek dekolonisasi historiografi Indonesia pascakolonial. Secara substansial pemikiran Onghokham menawarkan corak epistemologis dekolonisasi yang bertentangan dengan proyek SNI secara umum. Menggunakan sudut pandang filsafat historiografi pascakolonial, penelitian ini menstrukturkan kritik Onghokham atas proyek SNI dan dekolonisasi sejarah dalam berbagai bentuknya. Filsafat historiografi pascakolonial memungkinkan penelitian ini berusaha melampaui taraf spekulasi filosofis. Penelitian ini berusaha mencari pengandaian filosofis (politis, metodologis), mensejajarkannya dengan bukti empirik temuan keilmuan di balik tiga persoalan pokok. Pertama, Pemahaman epistemik-politik seperti apa yang mengkondisikan diskursus historiografi modern sampai pascakolonial. Kedua, substansialisasi pemikiran Onghokham. Ketiga, implikasi pemahaman Onghokham bagi diskursus metodologis-politis penulisan sejarah pascakolonial. Pembahasan persoalan melalui pemaparan historis-komparatif mengikuti tiga persoalan di atas. Akhirnya, penelitian ini mengajukan argumen bahwa problem dekolonisasi historiografi Indonesia pascakolonial adalah dominasi politik nasional. Pemilihan metodologi dekolonisasi sejarah adalah upaya epistemologis berdasar nalar imajinatif-empirik bukti-bukti historis, untuk lepas dari berbagai dominasi politik nasional, sebagaimana semangat narasi sejarah pascakolonial sebagai gerakan epistemologis mengurai bias ketimpangan narasi politik masa kolonial.

Sejarah Nasional Indonesia (SNI) or The National History of Indonesia is a project of historiographical decolonization that is certain for a country formerly colonized. SNI becomes a political and an epistemological testament in an effort to reach indepence of mindset and governance for nation states (Negara Bangsa). This research discusses the thinking of Onghokham as the material object. Reflecting on the capacity of his ideas within the framework of decolonization project in Indonesian postcolonial historiography. Substantially, Onghokham's thinking offers a pattern of epistemological decolonization which stands in contrary to the Indonesian National Historiography (SNI) project. By employing the philosophy of postcolonial historiography, this research structures Onghokham's critique over the project of SNI and the decolonization of history in its various forms. The philosophy of postcolonial historiography allows this research to attemp to go beyond the level of philosophical speculation. Attempting to seek the philosophical presuppositions (political and methodological), paralleling it with evidence from scientific and empirical findings that lie behind three main issues. First, a comprehension of the political and epistemic presuppositions that conditionates historiography discourses from modern historiography until postcolonial historiography. Second, to substantialize Onghokham's ideas of historiographical decolonization. Third to analyze methodologically and politically, the implications of Onghokham's ideas for the discourse on postcolonial historical writing. The exploration through comparative-historic using those three issues mentioned. Finally, this research proposes the argument that the problem of postcolonial decolonizing of historiography in Indonesia must take on a critical position over the domination of national politics. The selection of historiographical decolonization as the methodology is the epistemological attempt based on empirical and imaginative thinking of historical evidences, in order to separate SNI from the various forms of dominance of national politics, as the spirit of postcolonial history is an epistemological movement aimed on diminishing the inequality and bias of the political narration of the colonial period.

Kata Kunci : Decolonization, SNI, Onghokham, Colonial Naration, Epistemology, Postcolonial.