EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN SKRINING HIPOTIROIDISM KONGENITAL DI PROVINSI D.I. YOGYAKARTA

RINI ANGGRAINI, Prof. dr. Madarina Julia, Sp.A(K), MPH, Ph.D.; dr. Suryono Yudha Patria, Sp.A(K), Ph.D

2016 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Skrining hipotiroid kongenital dapat meminimalkan risiko terjadinya disabilitas intelektual. Di D.I. Yogyakarta, program ini baru dapat mencapai sepuluh persen dari semua bayi lahir setiap tahunnya. Pelayanan optimal, kesiapan SDM, dan beberapa faktor lainnya sangat berpengaruh penting dalam perkembangan dan keberlanjutan program tersebut. Tujuan: Untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan skrining hipotiroid kongenital pada bayi baru lahir di D.I. Yogyakarta. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan mixed method research. Data kuantitatif yaitu ketepatan waktu pengambilan dan pengiriman spesimen ke laboratorium dikumpulkan melalui catatan dan pelaporan program. Data kualitatif sebagai penjelasan yang lebih lengkap didapatkan dengan pendekatan fenomenologi melalui wawancara mendalam dengan petugas pelaksana program dan dideskripsikan dalam bentuk narasi. Hasil: Beberapa tenaga kesehatan masih kesulitan mengambil spesimen. Penyaluran dana dan sarana program telah berjalan baik. Persentase pengambilan spesimen yang tepat waktu dari kelompok dana mandiri lebih besar sekitar 11,2% - 21,2% dibandingkan kelompok dana pemerintah. Persentase pengiriman spesimen ke laboratorium yang tepat waktu dari kelompok dana pemerintah lebih besar sekitar 30,5% - 37,0% dibandingkan kelompok dana mandiri. Hasil tes yang normal dan tidak terbaca semakin lama diterima oleh Dinkes Provinsi DIY/Patologi Klinik UGM selama periode tahun 2013- 2015. Kesimpulan: Ada perbedaan rerata pada ketepatan waktu pengambilan dan pengiriman spesimen berdasarkan sumber dana program. Pelatihan, sosialisasi dan administrasi berbasis komputerisasi dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan program.

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism screening can minimize the risk of intellectual disability. In Yogyakarta, this program only be able to reach ten percent out of entire baby born every year. The optimal service, human resources readiness, and several other factors are very influential in sustainable development of this program. Objective: To evaluate the implementation of congenital hypothyroidism screening toward the newborn baby in Yogyakarta. Methods: Descriptive study used a mixed method research. The quantitative data consists of timely collected and delivered specimens to laboratory taken from program record and report. The qualitative data as a more completed description obtained by phenomenological approach through in-depth interviews with the health workers and described in narrative form. Results: Some health officers still have difficulty in collected specimens. Distribution of fund and logistic programs has run well. The percentage of timely collected of specimens from private fund group was bigger than governments fund group (about 11.2% - 21.2%). The percentage of specimens timely delivered to laboratory from governments fund group was bigger than private fund group (about 30.5% - 37.0%). The test result which normal and unreadable will took longer time to be received by Health Department of DIY Province / UGM Clinical Pathology during the period 2013- 2015. Conclusion: There are mean difference of the timeliness of collection and delivery of specimens based on program funding source. Training, socialization and computerized based administration can increase the success of the program.

Kata Kunci : evaluasi, skrining, hipotiroid kongenital, evaluation, screening, congenital hypothyroidism