KINERJA PERTUMBUHAN DAN KUALITAS DAGING KELINCI YANG DIBERI PAKAN DENGAN SUPLEMENTASI MINYAK JAGUNG

AGUSTIN PRATIWI, Panjono, S.Pt., M.P., Ph.D.

2016 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kinerja pertumbuhan dan kualitas daging kelinci Rex jantan yang diberi pakan suplementasi minyak jagung. Sebanyak 24 ekor kelinci Rex dengan bobot badan awal 1.359±270 g dibagi secara acak dalam empat kelompok, yaitu R0 (kontrol), R1 (suplementasi minyak jagung sebanyak 2%), R2 (suplementasi minyak jagung sebanyak 4%), dan R3 (suplementasi minyak jagung sebanyak 6%). Seluruh bahan pakan disusun sebagai pakan komplit dalam bentuk pelet. Pakan diberikan secara ad libitum, sedangkan air minum diberikan bebas. Pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 56 hari diikuti dengan pemotongan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola searah, apabila terdapat perbedaan dilanjutkan dengan uji least significant different. Konsumsi bahan kering (BK), protein kasar (PK), lemak kasar (LK), total digestible nutrient (TDN) dari R0, R1, R2, dan R3 masing-masing sebesar 4,78±0,78; 4,23±0,37; 4,06±0,36; dan 3,54±0,27, 0,74±0,12; 0,65±0,60; 0,58±0,05; dan 0,50±0,03; 0,11±0,01; 0,16±0,01; 0,19±0,01; and 0,18±0,1, dan 2,33±0,38; 1,90±0,17; 1,73±0,15; dan 1,44±0,11 % dari bobot badan. Konsumsi BK, PK, LK, dan TDN R3 lebih rendah (P<0,01) daripada R0, R1, dan R2. Pertambahan bobot badan harian, konversi pakan, persentase karkas, dan meat bone ratio dari R0, R1, R2, dan R3 berturut-turut 32,84±4,73 28,79±2,92; 27,00±2,53; dan 24,57±2,61 g/ekor/hari, 11,22±5,66; 16,62±12,01; 14,32±10,37; dan 9,39±2,50, 44,30±3,94; 45,66±4,67; 47,13±1,98; dan 47,13±2,56 %, dan 2,81±0,49; 2,84±0,33; 3,18±0,53; and 3,02±0,48. Pertambahan bobot badan harian, konversi pakan, persentase karkas, dan meat bone ratio keempat kelompok berberda tidak nyata. Nilai susut masak, kadar kolesterol, serta kandungan PUFA dalam daging dari R0, R1, R2, dan R3 berturut-turut sebesar 31,93±2,31; 35,35±1,23; 33,35±2,23; dan 33,11±1,63 %, 73,00±9,99; 68,96±20,39; 63,16±17,48; dan 39,78±16,52 mg/100g, dan 13,75±4,43; 17,32±0,22; 37,44±27,61; and 56,51±1,75%. Nilai susut masak pada kelompok R0 paling rendah (P<0,05). Kadar kolesterol dalam daging R3 lebih tinggi (P<0,05), sedangkan kandungan PUFA kelompok R3 lebih tinggi (P>0,05) daripada kelompok lainnya. Disimpulkan bahwa suplementasi minyak jagung dalam pakan meningkatkan kadar PUFA dan menurunkan kadar kolesterol dalam daging tanpa mempengaruhi kinerja pertumbuhan, produksi karkas, dan kualitas fisik daging kelinci Rex jantan.

This study was aimed to observe the growth performance and meat quality of male Rex rabbit fed with corn oil supplementation. Twenty four head of rabbits with 1.359±270 g initial body weight were randomly divided into four groups e.i. R0 (control), R1 (supplemented with corn oil supplementation as much as 2%), R2 (supplemented with corn oil supplementation as much as 4%), and R3 (supplemented with corn oil supplementation as much as 6%). Feed was given as pellet complete feed. Feed was offered as ad libitum, while water was offered as freely. They were raised for 56 days prior to be slaughtered. The data was analyzed using one way analysis of variance and followed with least significant different analysis. Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), and total digestible nutrient (TDN) intake of R0, R1, R2, and R3 were 4.78±0.78, 4.23±0.37, 4.06±0.36, and 3.54±0.27% of body weight (BW); 0.74±0.12, 0.65±0.60, 0.58±0.05, and 0.50±0.03% of BW; 0.11±0.01, 0.16±0.01, 0.19±0.01, and 0.18±0.1, and 2.33±0.38% of BW; 1.90±0.17, 1.73±0.15, and 1.44±0.11 % of BW, respectively. DM, CP, CF, and TDN intake of R3 was lower (P<0.01) than R0, R1, and R2. Average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass percentage and meat bone ratio of R0, R1, R2, and R3 were 32.84±4.73, 28.79±2.92, 27.00±2.53, and 24.57±2.61 g/head/day; 11.22±5.66, 16.62±12.01, 14.32±10.37, and 9.39±2.50, 44.30±3.94, 45.66±4.67, 47.13±1.98, and 47.13±2.56%, and 2.81±0.49; 2.84±0.33, 3.18±0.53, and 3.02±0.48, respectively. There were no significant different of ADG, FCR, carcass percentage, and MBT among groups. Cooking loss, Cholesterol content, and PUFA content of R0, R1, R2, and R3 were 31.93±2.31; 35.35±1.23; 33.35±2.23; and 33.11±1.63 %, 1.70±0.98, 1.53±0.10, 1.59±0.18, and 1.49±0.15%; 73.00±9.99, 68.96±20.39, 63.16±17.48, and 39.78±16.52 mg/100g; and 13.75±4.43, 17.32±0.22, 37.44±27.61, and 56.51±1.75%, respectively. Cooking loss of R0 was higest (P<0.05) among groups. Cholesterol content of R3 was lower (P<0.05), while PUFA content of R3 was higher (P<0.05) than those groups. It is concluded that corn oil supplementation in diet increases PUFA content and decreases cholesterol content without any effect on the growth performance, carcass production and physical meat quality of male Rex rabbits.

Kata Kunci : Kelinci rex jantan, Suplementasi minyak jagung, Kinerja pertumbuhan, Kualitas daging