PENGARUH PELATIHAN ULTRASONOGRAFI TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN RESIDEN OBSTETRI DAN GINEKOLOGI MENGENAI KEAMANAN PENGGUNAAN ULTRASONOGRAFI OBSTETRI

SURYANI PUSPA DEWI, dr. Rukmono Siswishanto, SpOG(K), M.Kes ; Prof. dr. Djaswadi Dasuki, SpOG(K), MPH, PhD

2016 | Tesis-Spesialis | SP Ilmu Kebidanan dan Penyakit Kandungan

Latar Belakang: Sebagai bentuk energi, ultrasonografi (USG) memiliki potensi bioeffects. Mekanisme bioeffects tersebut terutama terjadi akibat proses kavitasi dan pemanasan. Saat ini thermal index (TI) dan mechanical index (MI) yang termuat dalam output display standard (ODS) diterima sebagai indikator yang paling sesuai untuk memperkirakan risiko termal dan non-termal USG dan implementasinya tergantung pada operator USG. Seorang operator USG harus mempunyai pengetahuan mengenai keamanan penggunaan USG pada kehamilan (bioeffects dan safety index) yang baik. Dalam hal ini, termasuk peserta pendidikan dokter spesialis (PPDS) Obstetri dan Ginekologi (Obgin). Setelah mengikuti pelatihan USG dasar Obgin, PPDS Obgin diharapkan memilki pengetahuan yang baik mengenai keamanan penggunaan USG pada kehamilan. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbandingan tingkat pengetahuan residen Obgin mengenai keamanan penggunaan USG obstetri di RSUP Dr. Sardjito antara yang sudah dan belum mengikuti pelatihan USG. Rancangan Penelitian: Kuasi eksperimen dengan desain Post Test Only. Subyek penelitian adalah seluruh residen Obgin FK UGM yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Metode Penelitian: Pengambilan data melalui pengisian kuesioner yang berisi pertanyaan mengenai bioeffects dan safety index pemeriksaan USG obstetri. Hasil: Subyek penelitian terdiri dari 64 subyek yang sudah mengikuti pelatihan USG dan 24 subyek yang belum mengikuti pelatihan USG. Seluruh subyek yang belum mengikuti pelatihan memiliki klasifikasi pengetahuan kurang. Dan dari 64 subyek yang sudah mengikuti pelatihan hanya 1 subyek yang memiliki pengetahuan baik (1,56%), 14 subyek dengan pengetahuan cukup (21,87%), dan sisanya dengan pengetahuan kurang (76,56%). Dari analisis tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna diantara kedua kelompok tersebut (p 0,29). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan mengenai keamanan penggunaan USG obstetri antara residen Obgin yang sudah dan belum mengikuti pelatihan ultrasonografi.

Background: As a form of energy, ultrasound has potential bioeffects. The bioeffects mechanisms mainly occur due to the heat and cavitation. Currently, the thermal index (TI) and mechanical index (MI) mentioned in the output display standard (ODS) are widely accepted as the most appropiate indicators to estimate the thermal and non-thermal risks of ultrasound. However, the implementation depends on the ultrasound operator. Therefore, ultrasound operator, including resident doctors, must have good knowledge regarding safety aspects of diagnostic ultrasound during pregnancy (bioeffects and safety index). After completing basic ultrasound training, the residents were expected to have good knowledge regarding safety aspects of diagnostic ultrasound during pregnancy. Objective: To compare the resident's knowledge regarding safety aspects of diagnostic ultrasound during pregnancy between the residents who had and had not yet completed ultrasound training at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital. Study design: Quasi-experimental design with Post Test Only. The research subjects were all residents in Obgyn Department, Faculty of Medicine Gadjah Mada University who met the inclusion criteria. Research methods: A questionnaire was distributed to Obgyn residents that measured the knowledge regarding safety aspects of diagnostic ultrasound during pregnancy. Result: The study included 64 subjects who had ultrasound training and 24 subjects who did not get the ultrasound training. All of subjects who did not get ultrasound training had poor knowledge. Of the 64 subjects who had ultrasound training, only one subject had good knowledge (1.56%), 14 subjects had moderate knowledge (21.87), and others were with poor knowledge (76.56%). The statistical analysis showed no significant difference between these two groups (p 0,29). Conclusion: There was no difference on level of knowledge regarding safety aspects of diagnostic ultrasound during pregnancy between residents who had and had not yet completed ultrasound training at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital.

Kata Kunci : Ultrasonografi, bioeffects, safety index, pengetahuan, pelatihan ultrasonografi, residen Obstetri dan Ginekologi.