Sikap terhadap peran gender dan efikasi diri paternal dalam memprediksi keterlibatan ayah pada pengasuhan anak usia dini di keluarga dual-earner

THERESIA I MAKPAL, Dr. M. G. Adiyanti, MS

2016 | Tesis | S2 Psikologi

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memprediksi peran variabel sikap terhadap peran gender dan variabel efikasi diri paternal dalam memprediksi keterlibatan ayah pada pengasuhan anak usia dini di keluarga dual-earner dengan lokasi penelitian di kota Manado. Peran variabel sikap terhadap peran gender dan variabel efikasi diri paternal di uji pada tiga aspek keterlibatan ayah yaitu paternal interaction (dalam sub-aspek fisik, motorik, dan bermain., sosial, didaktik, disiplin, dan afeksi), paternal availibility, dan paternal responsibility. Desain penelitian menggunakan pendekatan ex-postfacto dengan jenis penelitian korelasional. Subjek penelitian adalah 71 orang ayah, dengan karakteristik yaitu memiliki anak usia 3 sampai 6 tahun (dini), memiliki istri bekerja, dan subjek penelitian bekerja sebagai Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS). Alat ukur menggunakan skala keterlibatan ayah pada pengasuhan anak usia dini, skala sikap terhadap peran gender, dan skala efikasi diri paternal. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda dengan dua prediktor, dimana hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan nilai F = 25,664, R² = 0,430, dengan p = 0,000 (p < 0,05). Artinya bahwa variabel sikap terhadap peran gender dan variabel efikasi diri paternal signifikan memprediksi keterlibatan ayah pada pengasuhan anak usia dini di keluarga dual-earner.

The purpose of this research was to find out the role of variable attitudes toward gender roles and paternal self-efficacy variable in predicting the father involvement on early childhood care in dual-earner families with research location in Manado City. Variable attitude toward gender roles and self-efficacy variable paternal were tested on three aspect, namely the involvements of father, that was interaction paternal (in sub-physical aspects, motoric, and play, social, didactic, discipline, and affection) availability paternal, and responsibility paternal. This research design was using ex-postfacto method with correlation research type. The research subject was 71 fathers whose characterise have children 3 to 6 years old, have working wife, and the subject research was working as civil servant. Measuring instrument was using a scale of father's involvement in early childhood care, scale of attitudes towards gender roles, and paternal self-efficacy scale. The analysis was used was multiple regression analysis with two predictors, where the hypothesis test result showed the value F = 25,664, R² = 0,430, in p = 0,000 (p < 0,05), its mean variable attitudes toward gender roles and paternal self-efficacy variable together significantly predicted the father involvement in early childhood care in dual earner family.

Kata Kunci : sikap terhadap peran gender,efikasi diri paternal,keterlibatan ayah,pengasuhan anak,usia dini, dual-earner