THE DIFFERENCE IN FIRST-YEAR DENTAL STUDENTS MOTIVES FOR CHOOSING DENTISTRY AS A CAREER IN REGARDS TO THEIR SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS IN THE FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

LEHGABAIRAVI, SHANMUGANATHAN, drg. Rosa Amalia, M.Kes, PhD. ; drg. Yuni Pamardiningsih, M.Kes.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 PENDIDIKAN DOKTER GIGI

Motivasi diakui sebagai salah satu aspek penting yang dalam menentukan menjamin kinerja sistem kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor motivasi yang mendorong mahasiswa kedokteran gigi di Indonesia untuk memilih profesi kedokteran gigi sebagai karir serta perbedaan motivasi mahasiswa kedokteran gigi berdasarkan faktor-faktor sosiodemografik. Target sampel penelitian ini adalah 201 mahasiswa kedokteran gigi tahun pertama di Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Kuesiner terdiri atas dua bagian yaitu angket tentang faktor sosiodemographik mahasiswa serta angket tentang motivasi mahasiswa memilih karir kedokteran gigi. Tingkat response terhadap survey adalah 100%. Data hasil survei dianalysis menggunakan analisis bivariate uji-t tidak berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswa memilih faktor motivasi "ingin membantu masyarakat meningkatkan status kesehatan gigi dan mulut mereka", "ingin membantu masyarakat meningkatkan status kesehatan umum mereka" serta "memungkinkan saya menggunakan keterampilan praktis" sebagai dorongan utama mereka. Hasil uji-t tidak berpasangan menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan motivasi mahasiswa memilih profesi kedokteran gigi berdasarkan faktor-faktor sosiodemografik mahasiswa yaitu jenis kelamin, jenis sekolah menengah atas (SMA) , domisili, pendidikan ibu dan bapak, pekerjaan ibu dan bapak serta penghasilan per bulan keluarga. Menurut hasil uji-t tidak berpasangan, terdapat perbedaan pada motivasi utama antara mahasiswa berdasarkan faktor sosiodemographik jenis kelamin, pekerjaan ibu, pekerjaan bapak manakala tidak ditunjukkan perbedaan pada motivasi utama berdasarkan faktor sosiodemographik jenis SMA, domisili, pendidikan ibu, pendidikan bapa serta penghasilan keluarga. Motivasi utama yang mendorong mahasiswa kedokteran gigi di Indonesia adalah faktor altruistis dan keinginan bekerja dengan orang lain merupakan. Tidak ada perbedaan motivasi mahasiswa berdasarkan faktor sosiodemografik mereka.

Motivation is increasingly recognized to being linked with the performance of the oral health systems. Thus, it is imperative to understand the underlying motivational leading dental students to opt for a career in the dental profession. The present study is aimed at identifying the motives behind Indonesian dental students' selection of dentistry as a career and the difference in motives with regards to the students' sociodemographic factors. A total of 201 first-year dental students studying at the Faculty of Dentistry, Gadjah Mada University participated in the research. Respondents were asked to complete a two-part survey questioning the students' sociodemographic factors and their motives for selecting dentistry as a career. The response rate was 100%. Data obtained was analyzed using independent t-test bivariate analysis. Findings of the study revealed that first-year Indonesian dental students' considered the motives "to help people improve oral and dental health", "to help people improve their general health" and "the use of practical skills" as the most influential motives propelling them to opt for the dental profession. Independent t-test results showed no significant difference in the dental students' motives for choosing dentistry as a career with regards to their sociodemographic background namely gender, type of high school, domicile, mother's academic qualifications, fathers' academic qualifications, mothers' occupation, fathers' occupation and family income. The result of the analysis also showed a significant difference in the three predominant motives students pursue dentistry based on the students' gender and students' parents' occupation. With regards to the type of high school, domicile, parents' academic qualification and family income, no significant difference in the top three motives were shown. Indonesian dental students are highly motivated to pursue dentistry by altruistic factors and working with people factor. The difference in motives with regards to the students' sociodemographic factors is not observed.

Kata Kunci : Motivasi, Karir, Kedokteran Gigi, Faktor Sosiodemografik, Mahasiswa Kedokteran Gigi Tahun Pertama