PENGARUH RASIO MOL METANOL/MINYAK TERHADAP TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK GORENG BEKAS MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS BASA NH2/MCM-41 BERBASIS SILIKA LUMPUR SIDOARJO

AYYIK LUTFIANA NUKE, Prof. Dr. Triyono, S.U. ; Prof. Wega Trisunaryanti, M.S., Ph.D. Eng.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 KIMIA

Telah dipelajari pengaruh rasio mol metanol/minyak terhadap transesterifikasi minyak goreng bekas menggunakan katalis basa NH2/MCM-41 berbasis silika lumpur Sidoarjo. Ekstraksi silika dari lumpur Sidoarjo dilakukan dengan metode refluks menggunakan larutan HCl 6 M dan NaOH 6 M. Lumpur hasil refluks dianalisis dengan X-ray Flouresense (XRF). MCM-41 disintesis menggunakan metode hidrotermal pada suhu 100 derajat selsius selama 24 jam dan dikalsinasi pada suhu 540 derajat selsius selama 5 jam. MCM-41 yang dihasilkan dianalisis menggunakan XRD, FTIR, GSA, dan TEM. Modifikasi MCM-41 dilakukan menggunakan metode grafting melalui penambahan 3-Aminopropiltrimetoksisilan (3-APTMS) dengan persen mol N/Si 5 persen untuk memperoleh NH2/MCM-41. Katalis NH2/MCM-41 dianalisis menggunakan FTIR dan GSA. Transesterifikasi minyak goreng bekas dilakukan dengan kondisi rasio mol metanol/minyak 6, 9, 12, 15, dan 18 serta katalis 10 persen (b/b) terhadap minyak selama 2 jam. Produk transesterifikasi dianalisis menggunakan GC-MS. Hasil analisis TEM dan GSA menunjukkan MCM-41 merupakan material mesopori. MCM-41 dan NH2/MCM-41 hasil sintesis memiliki luas permukaan 830,823 dan 379,578 m2/g; diameter pori 3,19 dan 2,48 nm; volume pori 0,248 dan 0,123 cc/g. Konversi metil ester tertinggi diperoleh pada kondisi rasio mol metanol/minyak 12 yaitu 42,47 persen(b/b).

Effect of methanol/oil mol ratios toward waste cooking oil transesterification using NH2/MCM-41 base catalyst based on silica of Sidoarjo mud had been studied. Sillica extraction was done by reflux method using HCl 6 M and NaOH 6 M. The product was then analyzed by X-ray Flouresence (XRF). The MCM-41 was synthesized by hydrothermal method at 100 celcius degree for 24 h and calcined at 540 celcius degree for 5 h. MCM-41 was then characterized by XRD, FTIR, GSA, and TEM. MCM-41 was modified using 3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (3-APTMS) by grafting method under N/Si mol percent ratio 5 percent to produce NH2/MCM-41 base catalyst. Catalyst NH2/MCM-41 was analyzed by FTIR and GSA. Transesterification was carried out under methanol/oil mol ratio of 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 with 10 wt. percent of catalyst toward oil. Transesterification products were characterized by GC-MS. TEM and GSA analysis results showed that MCM-41 had a mesoporus structure. The MCM-41 and NH2/MCM-41 had specific surface area of 830.823 and 379.578 m2/g; pore diameter 3.19 and 2.48 nm; pore volume 0.248 and 0.123 cc/g. The highest production (wt percent) of methyl ester was obtained by methanol/oil mol ratio of 12 i.e. 42.47 percent.

Kata Kunci : Sidoarjo mud, NH2/MCM-41, methanol/oil, transesterification, waste cooking oil