BIOLOGI REPRODUKSI IKAN LAYUR (Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus, 1758) DI PERAIRAN PANTAI KABUPATEN BANTUL

PRADITHA N, Dr. Eko Setyobudi, S.Pi., M.Si.; Dr. Ir. Djumanto, M.Sc.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA PERIKANAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui biologi reproduksi ikan layur (Trichiurus lepturus) hasil tangkapan nelayan di perairan pantai Kabupaten Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Contoh ikan dikumpulkan dari hasil tangkapan nelayan yang menggunakan gillnet dengan mesh size 2 inch dan mendaratkan hasilnya di TPI Depok dan Samas. Pengumpulan contoh ikan dilakukan dari Januari hingga April 2016. Contoh ikan dikumpulkan setiap dua minggu minimal 30 ekor. Tiap individu contoh ikan diukur panjang, berat tubuh, dan berat gonad serta diidentifikasi jenis kelamin dan tingkat kematangan gonadnya. Data yang dianalisis meliputi sebaran panjang, berat, sex ratio, TKG, IKG, ukuran pertama matang gonad (Lm), dan fekunditas. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan kisaran panjang 52,8-86,2 cm dan berat 115-567,2 g, rasio betina dan jantan sebesar 1 : 0,6. Tingkat kematangan gonad II, III, IV secara berturut-turut, yaitu 61,50%, 10,92%, 19,54%. Diameter telur ikan TKG IV berkisar 0,35-1,02 mm, terdapat dua modus persebaran sehingga pemijahan diduga partial spawner dengan fekunditas sebanyak 24.601 butir dengan kisaran 12.873-33.534 butir. Fekunditas meningkat seiring panjang tubuh induk dengan persamaan F = 0,434L2,60. Ikan layur diperkirakan pertama kali matang gonad pada panjang 65,55 cm, lebih besar daripada ukuran rata-rata tertangkap, yaitu pada 63,4 cm. Perlu dilakukan pengaturan upaya penangkapan dengan memperbesar ukuran mesh size jaring minimum 2,25 inch.

The purpose of this research was to find out the reproduction aspect of Trichiurus lepturus that landed in Southern Coast area of Bantul Regency. Fish samples were collected from fisherman that capture the fish using gillnet with a mesh size of 2 inches, and landed in the coastal fishing port of Bantul and Depok. The fish were collected biweekly from January to April 2016. The number fish in each sampling was more than 30 individual. Each sample was measured their individual length, weight, and also identified sex, the stages of gonadal maturity, index of gonadal maturity, length at the first gonadal maturity (Lm), and fecundity. The results showed that the length of landed hairtail was varied 52.8-86.2 cm and weight 115-567.2 g, respectively. The sex ratio between male and female were 1:0.6. The stages of gonadal maturity namely II, III, IV was 61.50%, 10.92%, 19.54%, respectively. Diameters of yolksack in the stage of gonadal maturity IV was 0.35-1.02 mm, there were two distribution modus so that the spawning was expected partial spawner with fecundity of 24.601 eggs with range was 12.873-33.534 eggs. Fecundity increased as parents� body length with equation F = 0,434L2,60. Hairtail was expected reaching the length of the first gonadal maturity in 65.55 cm, higher than the average captured, namely 63.4 cm. It is needed to regulate the capture effort with enlarge the mesh size, minimum 2,25 inches.

Kata Kunci : Bantul, gonad, layur, matang, reproduksi, Trichiurus lepturus