Resiliensi Pengungsi Perempuan Syiah di Area Relokasi Sidoarjo Pasca Konflik Sampang

SAFURA INTAN H, Wenty Marina Minza, Dr., M.A.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 PSIKOLOGI

Penelitian narasi ini bertujuan untuk memahami resiliensi pengungsi perempuan Syiah Sampang di area relokasi Sidoarjo. Data didapatkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi partisipan selama penelitian lapangan. Tiga pengungsi perempuan yang merupakan subjek utama penelitian memiliki perbedaan dalam hal status sosial (Bu Nyai dan janda) serta kondisi ekonomi yang pada akhirnya menentukan relasi gender yang terbentuk. Data yang didapat kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan interpretatif. Status sosial berkaitan dengan proses adaptasi pengungsi perempuan di area relokasi yang pada akhirnya berpengaruh terhadap resiliensi. Relasi gender, baik di dalam rumah tangga/keluarga maupun dalam relasi pertetanggaan, merupakan kerentanan lain yang harus dihadapi oleh perempuan pengungsi karena relasi gender yang tidak seimbang mempengaruhi akses terhadap pekerjaan, mobilitas, dan pengambilan keputusan individu. Keberhasilan resiliensi individu bergantung pada strategi coping yang diadopsi. Emotion-focused coping terbukti tidak selalu menghasilkan stabilitas emosi yang rendah. Distancing, sebagai suatu bentuk emotion-focused coping, dapat menjaga stabilitas emosi individu untuk tetap tinggi, sedangkan escape-avoidance bekerja sebaliknya.

This narrative research investigated the resilience of Shia IDPs (Internally Displaced Persons) women in Sidoarjo relocation area. Data were collected through in-depth interview and participant observation during fieldwork. Subjects were three IDPs women who are vary in terms of economic and social status (Bu Nyai and widow). Both conditions would affect gender relation which were formed. Descriptive and interpretative analysis were then conducted to the data gathered. It was found that social status played a role in the adaptation processes of IDPs women which later influenced their resilience. Unequal gender relation was another vulnerability faced by the IDPs women in the relocation area because it affected their access to economic resources, their mobilities, and their shares in decision making. The result of their resilience processes depended on coping strategy being adopted. It appeared that emotion-focused coping, in the form of distancing, was able to help IDPs women in maintaining their high emotional stability, while escape-avoidance, as another form of emotion-focused coping found among the IDPs women, worked the otherwise.

Kata Kunci : emotion-focused coping, pengungsi perempuan, relasi gender, resiliensi, Syiah Sampang