Kajian Pencemaran Airtanah Bebas di Kelurahan Paccinongan Kecamatan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa

DINIL QAIYIMAH, Prof. Dr. H. Sudarmadji, M.Eng. Sc. ; Dr. Margaretha Widyastuti, M.T

2016 | Tesis | S2 Geografi

Peningkatan jumlah penduduk berkorelasi positif dengan peningkatan penggunaan lahan permukiman, kebutuhan air serta limbah yang dihasilkan berpotensi mencemari airtanah. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh perlunya informasi mengenai kualitas, tingkat pencemaran dan rumusan strategi pengelolaan kualitas airtanah di wilayah penelitian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) mengetahui kualitas airtanah yang digunakan oleh masyarakat di wilayah penelitian; (2) mengetahui dan menganalisis tingkat pencemaran airtanah di wilayah penelitian berdasarkan parameter fisika, kimia dan biologi terpilih yang terkandung dalam airtanah; dan (3) merumuskan strategi pengelolaan airtanah di wilayah penelitian. Penentuan kualitas airtanah setiap titik sampel dilakukan dengan pengukuran parameter fisika, kimia dan biologi di antaranya warna, rasa, bau, suhu, DHL, TDS, pH, BOD, nitrat, detergen, dan bakteri coliform. Tujuan (1) diperoleh dengan membandingkan nilai hasil uji laboratorium terhadap nilai pada peraturan mengenai kualitas air. Tujuan (2) dicapai dengan perhitungan Indeks Pencemaran untuk masing-masing sampel. Tujuan (3) dicapai dengan analisis SWOT yang hasilkan dari interaksi antara faktor internal dan eksternal wilayah penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunukkan bahwa (1) kualitas airtanah wilayah penelitian terbagi menjadi 3 kelas yaitu baik, sedang dan jelek. Persebarannya searah dengan flownets, semakin ke utara kualitas airtanah semakin menurun. (2) Berdasarkan perhitungan Indeks Pencemaran, tingkat pencemaran airtanah tergolong cemar ringan. (3) Rumusan rencana pengelolaan meliputi (a) menjaga kelestarian airtanah di wilayah penelitian, (b) pengendalian limpasan air hujan dan saluran drainase khususnya di kawasan permukiman yang padat penduduk, (c) penanganan terhadap wilayah-wilayah yang mengalami pencemaran airtanah, dan (d) penyediaan sumber air lain selain airtanah secara merata di wilayah penelitian. Kata kunci : kualitas airtanah, indeks pencemaran, SWOT

The Increase of population positively correlated with the increase of settlement land use, water needs and waste produced potentially contaminating groundwater. Relevant to this, the current study was motivated by the needs for information about groundwater quality, the level of pollution and about the strategy plan formulation of groundwater quality management in the research area. The objectives of the study are to: (1) determine the groundwater quality that used by people in the research area; (2) determine and analyze of groundwater pollution level in the research area based on selected parameter of physics, chemistry, and biology contained in groundwater; and (3) formulated the plan and strategy of groundwater quality management in the research area. Determination of groundwater quality for each sample conducted by measuring the parameters of physics, chemistry, and biology among others color, taste, smell, temperature, DHL, TDS, pH, BOD, nitrate, detergent, and coliform bacteria. Objectives (1) was achieved by comparing the result of laboratory testing of groundwater samples to the value promulgated in water quality regulation. Objectives (2) was achieved by calculated the value of index water pollution at each sampling point. Objectives (3) was achieved by SWOT analyze that results from the interaction between internal and external factors of the research area. The results of this research show that: (1) water quality in research area divided into 3 classes that are good, moderate, and low. Distribution of the water quality have the same direction with flownets, and to the north groundwater quality more decreases. (2) Based on the calculation of Index Pollution, the level of groundwater pollution was classified be lightly blackened. (3) The formulation of groundwater management plan includes: (a) preserving groundwater in the research area, (b) to control rainwater runoff and drainage channel especially in dense population settlement, (c) handling of the areas that run into groundwater pollution, and (d) provide another water sources evenly in the research area. Keywords: Water quality, pollution index, SWOT

Kata Kunci : Kata kunci : kualitas airtanah, indeks pencemaran, SWOT