MANAJEMEN PENGAWASAN KONDISI HIGIENE SANITASI DAN KUALITAS BAKTERIOLOGIS AIR MINUM PADA DEPOT AIR MINUM ISI ULANG DI KABUPATEN LUWU UTARA

ISHAK, Dr. dr. Mubasysyir Hasanbasri, MA.; dr. Titik Nuryastuti, M.Si, Ph.D, Sp.M.K.

2016 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang : Air merupakan kebutuhan yang tidak bisa ditunda pemenuhannya. Manusia membutuhkan air, terutama untuk minum. Ketersediaan air di dunia ini begitu melimpah ruah, namun yang dapat dikomsumsi oleh manusia untuk keperluan air minum sangatlah sedikit. Salah satu metode yang dilakukan yaitu dengan pengolahan menggunakan depot air minum isi ulang. Kualitas air produksi depot air minum akhir-akhir ini ditengarai semakin menurun, salah satu penyebabnya adalah kurangnya pengawasan dari pihak instansi pengelola depot. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara manajemen pengawasan, kondisi higiene sanitasi (tempat, peralatan, penjamah), sumber air baku dengan kualitas bakteriologis air minum isi ulang di Kabupaten Luwu Utara. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Luwu Utara. Subjek penelitian adalah semua sarana depot yang memiliki ijin sebanyak 47 depot air minum. Variabel terikat dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitas bakteriologis air minum isi ulang. Variabel bebas adalah manajemen pengawasan, higiene sanitasi (tempat, peralatan, Penjamah) dan sumber air baku. Analisis data penelitian dilakukan dengan univariat, bivariat, multivariat dengan nilai Alpa = 0,05. Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah kualitas bakteriologis air minum isi ulang yang memenuhi syarat sebanyak 24 atau (51,06%) dan tidak memenuhi syarat sebanyak 23 atau (48,94%). Ada hubungan antara manajemen pengawasan (p=0,028<0,05), higiene sanitasi (p=0,010<0,05), tempat (p=0,028<0,05), Peralatan (p=0,008<0,05), penjamah (p=0,002<0,05) depot air minum isi ulang dengan kualitas bakteriologis air minum isi ulang. Tidak ada hubungan antara sumber air baku depot air minum isi ulang dengan kualitas bakteriologis air minum isi ulang (p=0,608>0,05). Variabel penjamah merupakan faktor yang paling dominan mempengaruhi kualitas bakteriologis air minum. Perlu adanya pelaksanaan pengawasan terutama dari aspek pembinaan terhadap pengelola dan karyawan serta pelaksanaan pelatihan atau kursus higiene sanitasi depot air minum.

Background: Water is an important need and its fulfillment cannot be postponed. Human needs water, especially for drinking. The availability of water in the world is so excess, but only a little amount of water that can be consumed. Process to refill drinking water is one of methods to preserve drinking water supply. The production quality of drinking water depot nowadays experiences degradation. One of its causes is the lack of supervision from depot managers. Objective: Determining the relation among oversight management, hygiene sanitation (place, tools and host), water sources and quality of bacteriology on drinking water refill in North Luwu, District. Method: Study design of this research was observational and used cross sectional approach. This study was conducted in North Luwu District, research subject was all depot means which had permissions for about 47 drinking water depots. Dependent variable included quality of bacteriology in drinking water refill. Independent variable included oversight of management, hygiene sanitation (place, tools, host) and water sources. Research data analysis was performed with univariate, bivariate, and multivariate with Alpa score = 0.05. Result and Conclusion: Research result explained that the bacteriological quality amount of refillable drinking water which fulfilled terms were 24 (51.06%) depots and which didnot fulfill terms were 23 (48.94%) depots. There was a relation between supervision management (p=0.028<0.05), sanitation hygiene (p=0.010<0.05), place (p=0.028<0.05), equipment (p=0.008<0.05), and handlers (p=0.002<0.05) of refillable drinking water depot towards the bacteriological quality of refillable drinking water. There wasnot relation between primary water source of refillable drinking water depot with bacteriological quality of refillable drinking water (p=0.608>0.05). Handler variable was the dominant factor that affected the bacteriological quality of drinking water. Supervision, especially from organizer and employee development aspect, and drinking water depot sanitation hygiene training or course were needed.

Kata Kunci : drinking water depot, Sanitation Hygiene, quality of bacteriology, supervision