PERSEPSI DOKTER DALAM MELAYANI PASIEN BPJS DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH H BOB BAZAR, KALIANDA, LAMPUNG SELATAN

Ocky Melati Indah Sari, Drs. Sito Meiyanto, PhD; Dr.dr. Andreasta Meliala, M.Kes., MAS

2016 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

LatarBelakang: Pembiayaan kesehatan semakin meningkat dirasakan berat baik oleh pemerintah. Biaya pelayanan kesehatan yang cenderung meningkat juga menjadi sorotan di Indonesia. Kesehatan adalah hak setiap warga negara. Sistem Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (SJKN) berbasis Asuransi Kesehatan Sosial yang dioperasionalkan oleh Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) sejak Januari 2014 bertujuan untuk memberikan memberikan universal health coverage bagi seluruh Warga Negara Indonesia. Peningkatan jumlah pasien rumah sakit merupakan salah satu dampak penerapan SJKN. Dokter, sebagai salah satu sumber daya kunci di rumah sakit terpengaruh oleh pelayanan SJKN di rumah sakit dalam hal kompensasi, beban kerja serta keselamatan pasien. Persepsi dokter ada keterkaiatan dengan kepuasan kerja dan kinerja jabatan. Proses pelayanan kesehatan akan lebih baik apabila Dokter memiliki persepsi baik terhadap pekerjaannya. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan persepsi dokter terhadap pelaksanaan SJKN di RSUD H Bob Bazar Kalianda Lampung Selatan. Selain itu untuk mengidentifikasi persepsi Dokter terhadap pelaksanaan SJKN pada aspek kompensasi dokter, beban kerja, dan keselamatan pasien. Metode :metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskripsi observasional menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara pada dokter yang bertugas di RSUD H Bob Bazar Kalianda Lampung Selatan. Hasil :Implementasi JKN meningkatkan Beban kerja Dokter di RSUD H Bob Bazar Kalianda Lampung Selatan. Peningkatan tersebut disebabkan kemudahan akses masyarakat miskin terhadap pelayanan kesehatan. Peningkatan pendapatan dokter di RSUD H Bob Bazar Kalianda Lampung Selatan pada periode implementasi JKN dibandingkan dengan era sebelum JKN. Peningkatan ini disebabkan oleh peningkatan permintaan pelayanan kesehatan akibat meningkatnya akses terhadap layanan kesehatan. Implementasi JKN memberikan sejumlah potensi risiko terhadap keselamatan pasien terutama pasien dengan penyakit kritis. Dokter ada kecenderungan mempertimbangkan aspek ekonomi dalam melakukan pelayanan. Kesimpulan : Persepsi dokter terhadap implementasi JKN berdampak meningkatkan beban kerja dan pendapatan dokter. Potensi risiko terhadap keselamatan pasien juga mengalami peningkatan karena dokter banyak mempertimbangkan aspek ekonomi dalam melakukan pelayanan

Background: The increasing health financing was perceived as heavy impact by government. The cost in health service which relatively increased also became an interesting issue in Indonesia. Health was a right for all people. National Health Insurance System, based on Social Health Insurance which was operated by National Health Insurance Agency since 2014, was aimed to present universal health coverage for all Indonesian. The increasing number of patient in hospital was an impact in the implementation of National Health Insurance System. Doctor, as one of key human resources in hospital, was affected by the service of National Health Insurance System in hospital, especially related to compensation, workload, and patient safety. Doctors perception was connected with work satisfaction and occupational performance. The health service process could be better if doctor had a good perception towards its job. Objective: This research was aimed to describe the doctors perception towards the implementation of National Health Insurance System in H. Bob Bazar Regional Hospital, Kalianda, Southern Lampung. Moreover, this research was also aimed to identify the doctors perception towards the implementation of National Health Insurance System in compensation, workload, and patient safety aspects. Method: Method which was used in this research was observational descriptive method using qualitative approach with cross sectional design. Data collection was held by interview to doctors which was worked in H. Bob Bazar Regional Hospital, Kalianda, Southern Lampung. Result: The implementation of National Health Insurance increased doctors workload in H. Bob Bazar Regional Hospital, Kalianda, Southern Lampung. This increase could be caused by the convenience for poor people to access health service. There was an increase in doctors income in H. Bob Bazar Regional Hospital, Kalianda, Southern Lampung in National Health Insurance implementation period compared to other period before. This increase could also be caused by the high demand of health service as an impact of the increasing access to health service. The implementation of National Health Insurance gave some risk potentials towards patient safety, especially for critical-ill patients. Doctor had a tendency to consider economical aspect in service delivery. Conclusion: The doctors perception towards National Health Insurance implementation was impacted on the increasing doctors workload and income. The risk potential towards patient safety was also increased because many doctors considered economical aspect on service delivery.

Kata Kunci : Persepsi, Beban Kerja, Pendapatan Dokter, Keselamatan Pasien