KESESUAIAN DATA SEBARAN SUHU DAN KLOROFIL DARI CITRA SATELIT MODIS DENGAN HASIL TANGKAPAN IKAN PELAGIS DI PERAIRAN KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL

DEWANTORO PAMUNGKAS, Dr. Ir. Djumanto, M.Sc;Dr. Nurul Khakim, M.Si

2016 | Skripsi | S1 MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA PERIKANAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran spasial dan temporal suhu permukaan laut, nilai klorofil-a, serta mengetahui hubungan suhu permukaan laut dan klorofil-a terhadap hasil tangkapan ikan pelagis di PPP Sadeng. Data suhu permukaan laut dan konsentrasi klorofil-a diperoleh dari citra satelit Aqua MODIS periode 2012 hingga 2014 dengan batas wilayah penelitian 7,03°-10,17° LS dan 105,17°-112,83° BT. Data citra diolah menggunakan software SeaDAS 7 untuk memperoleh nilai SPL dan Klorofil-a, kemudian diolah kembali untuk melihat sebaran nilai SPL dan klorofil-a secara spasial dan temporal menggunakan ArcMAP 10 yang dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hubungan SPL dan klorofil dengan hasil tangkapan di analisis menggunakan analisis regresi linier menggunakan software SPSS 22. Hasil penelitian menunujukan nilai rata-rata SPL pada musim barat sebesar 29,3°C, musim peralihan 1 sebesar 29,4°C, turun sebesar 27,2°C pada musim timur dan 27,0°C pada musim peralihan 2. Nilai rata-rata klorofil-a pada musim barat sangat rendah sebesar 0,14 mg/m3 dan musim peralihan 1 sebesar 0,16 mg/m3, kemudian naik hingga 0,42 mg/m3 pada musim timur dan 0,59 mg/m3 pada musim peralihan 2. Hubungan SPL dan klorofil bernilai negatif, artinya ketika nilai SPL tinggi maka klorofil rendah begitu pula sebaliknya. Hasil tangkapan yang didaratkan di PPP Sadeng Yogyakarta didominasi oleh tiga jenis ikan pelagis yakni Ikan Tuna (Thunnus albacares), Ikan Cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) dan Ikan Lemadang (Coryphaena hippurus). Hubungan antara SPL dan konsentrasi klorofil-a dengan hasil tangkapan ikan menunjukan nilai yang berbeda terhadap ketiga spesies pada musim barat, peralihan 1 dan musim timur. Musim perlaihan 2 menunjukan SPL dan klorofil sama-sama memiliki pengaruh kuat terhadap ketiga hasil tangkapan, hal ini disebabkan pada musim peralihan 2 merupakan musim dimana terjadi upwelling cukup merata di sepanjang pantai selatan Jawa. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perbedaan korelasi lainnya dapat disebabkan oleh karakteristik tiap ikan dan pengaruh oseanografis lainnya dalam suatu perairan.

This research aims to find out the spatial distribution and the temporal temperature of the sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a, and to determine the relationship between sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a to the catches of pelagic fish in PPP SADENG. In this research, the sea surface temperature and the chlorophyll-a concertation data are collected by the researcher from the Aqua MODIS satellite imagery during the periode 2012 to 2014. The research coverage area is limited to the sea which is located in 7,03°-10,17° S and 105,17°-112,83° E. Satellite imagery data was processed by the software Sea DAS 7 to get SST and chlorophyll-a value data. The data will be reprocessed to get the distribution of SST and chlorophyll-a value data spatially and temporally. In this step, the researcher analyzes the data descriptively through ArcMAP 10. Lastly, to find out the relationship between SST and chlorophyll in the catches of pelagic fish, the researcher analyzes the data through a regression linear analysis by the software SPSS 22. The result shows that the average temperature on SST is fluctuating. It gets 29,3°C in the west season and changes to 29,4°C in transition season 1. Nevertheless, it gets colder in the east season with 27,2°C and becomes 27,0°C in transition season 2. The researcher also finds that the average of chlorophyll-a value in the west season is very low with only 0,14 mg/m3. Despite decreasing in the west season, the chlorophyll-a value increases continuously in the following season as 0,16 mg/m3 in the in transition season 1, 0,42 mg/m3 in east season, and becomes 0,59 mg/m3 when transition season 2 comes. The relation between those two, SST and chlorophyll, has negative value. A negative value means when SST value is high, the chlorophyll value is low and vice versa. The catches fish in PPP sadeng Yogyakarta is dominated by 3 types of pelagic fishes. Those fishes are Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares), Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) and Mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus). Based on the findings, the relation between the two aspects (SST and the concentration of chlorophyll-a and the number of catches fishes, has shown that the value of the three fishes is different as it relies on the seasons (west season, transition season 1, east season). Consequently, the results show that SST and chlorophyll have a big impact to the fishermen when they are fishing those fishes in transition season 2. It occurs because an upwelling is occurred widely in the south java sea in the transitional season 2. The other factors which also have impact to create that different correlation are fish characteristic and other oceanography influences in a sea.

Kata Kunci : Citra satelit,Ikan Pelagis,Klorofil,Suhu,Samudera Hindia