GAMBARAN PERILAKU BULLYING FISIK PADA REMAJA DI SMA X SUKADANA LAMPUNG TIMUR

MIRA HUSNI SANJAYA, dr. Fatwa Sari Tetra Dewi, MPH, PhD.; Dr. Budi Wahyuni, MM, MA.

2016 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Praktik bullying ataupun kekerasan di sekolah, merupakan salah satu dari isu-isu pendidikan yang tak kunjung reda penanganan masalahnya. Sekolah yang semestinya memberikan rasa aman dan nyaman bagi anak-anak untuk menimba ilmu serta membantu dalam pembentukan karakter pribadi yang positif ternyata malah menjadi tempat tumbuhnya praktik-praktik kekerasan atau yang biasa disebut dengan bullying. Sepanjang tahun 2011, KPAI mencatat, dari 339 kasus bullying antar sesama pelajar SMP dan SMA ditemukan 82 di antaranya meninggal dunia. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan penelitian kualitatif untuk menggali lebih dalam perilaku bullying fisik pada remaja di SMA X Sukadana. Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan perilaku bullying fisik pada remaja di SMA X Sukadana. Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam pada 18 informan yang diambil dengan teknik snow ball sampling. Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ada 2 pihak yang terlibat dalam perilaku bullying fisik, yaitu pelaku dan korban. Pelaku melakukan bullying fisik dipengaruhi oleh 3 faktor, yaitu: 1) karakteristik pelaku bullying fisik biasanya temperamental 2)faktor kebutuhan seperti: ingin berkuasa, masalah ekonomi, dan rasa ketagihan untuk melakukan bully) dan faktor lingkungan (seperti: pertemanan, kondisi lingkungan yang mendukung, mencontoh guru dan orangtua). Karakteristik korban bullying biasanya siswa yang menonjol (seperti: suku minoritas, siswa yang lemah, siswa yang sombong, siswa yang pintar dan siswa yang kaya) dan siswa yang membangkang. Kesimpulan: Pihak yang terlibat dalam perilaku bullying yaitu korban dan pelaku. Pelaku melakukan bullying fisik dipengaruhi oleh 3 faktor, yaitu: karakteristik sifat temperamental, faktor kebutuhan dan faktor lingkungan. Korban bullying dibagi menjadi 2 karakteristik yaitu korban yang menonjol dan korban yang membangkang.

Background: The practice, of bullying or violence in school is one of the issues of education that never let up handling the problem. School is supposed to provide security and comfort for children to gain of knowledge and to form a positive personal character. School becomes a place where violence grow as bullying. Violence in education is behavior that is beyond the limit of the code ethics and rules in education, either in the form of physical or harassment on the person's right. Meanwhile, during in 2011 KPAI recorded, 339 cases of bullying among students in junior and senior high school, 82 of them died, and the remaining of minor injury and severe. Therefore, qualitative research is needed to develop more deeper a physical bullying behavior in senior high school X Sukadana. Objective: To describe physical bullying by students in senior high school X Sukadana. Methods: This study used a qualitative method with phenomenological approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews by 18 informants consisting of students of class X and XI, a closed friend of the informant, counseling teachers (BK)and parents of informant. It was taken by snow ball sampling technique. Result:The results showed that there are two sides who are involved in physical bullying action, namely the perpetrator and the victim. Characteristics of perpetrator are usually temperament, which are influenced by need factors (such as: want to have power, economic problem, and addiction to bully) and environmental factors (such as: friendship, supporting of environment, to imitate the action of teacher and parent). Characteristics of victims of bullying are usually prominent students (such as ethnic minorities, weak students, arrogant student, smart students and rich students) and disobeyed students. Conclusion:The sides are involved in acts of bullying namely victims and perpetrators. The victims of bullying are divided into two characteristics namely the victims were prominent and the victims were disobedient. The perpetrators usually have characteristics of temperament. The contributing factors for perpetrators doing the bullying are need factors and environmental factors.

Kata Kunci : behavior, physical bullying, adolescent