Pengaruh Lama Simpan Entres dan Perendaman Kinetin Terhadap Pertumbuhan Mata Tunas Jeruk Citrus nobilis Lour 'Keprok Garut' Hasil Okulasi

MARDIYAH , Dr. Diah Rachmawati, S.Si.,M.Sc.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 BIOLOGI

Jeruk Keprok Garut (Citrus nobilis Lour 'Keprok Garut') adalah salah satu jeruk unggulan Indonesia memiliki keunggulan rasa dan bentuknya. Perbanyakan secara vegetatif yang umum di lakukan adalah dengan okulasi, namun dalam pelaksanaanya tunas mengalami penurunan viabilitas. Lama simpan dan perendaman dalam kinetin dapat mepengaruhi viabilitas tunas, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama simpan terhadap viabilitas mata tunas serta pertumbuhannya setelah perendaman kinetin, mengetahui persentase keberhasilan okulasi, dan persentase okulasi tumbuh setelah lama simpan dan perendaman kinetin. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai Mei 2016 dengan percobaan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 faktor perlakuan. Perlakuan pertama yaitu lama simpan 0 hari, 1 hari, dan 2 hari. Perlakuan kedua perendaman kinetin pada konsentrasi diantaranya 0 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm dan 20 ppm. 21 HSO dilakukan pembukaan plastik dan pemotongan batang bawah, serta penelitian diakhiri pada 60 HSO. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa lama simpan menurunkan viabilitas tunas, dan tunas yang paling baik adalah yang langsung digunakan pada hari yang sama setelah pengambilan entres. Lama simpan dan perendaman kinetin tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pertumbuhan mata tunas meliputi persentase keberhasilan okulasi, waktu pecah tunas, tinggi tunas, diameter tunas, jumlah daun dan persentase okulasi tumbuh kecuali lama simpan pada H0 dengan H1 dan H2 berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap waktu pecah tunas. Persentase keberhasilan okulasi didapatkan 97,91% dan okulasi tumbuh sebesar 95,83%.

Keprok Garut orange (Citrus nobilis Lour 'Keprok Garut) is one of the Indonesian's featured orange and known with the advantage of its unique in flavor and shape. Vegetative cultivation that is often used is grafting but there are realiztion the buds accured lower viability. The entres storage time and kinetin soaking give effect on buds viability resulted from grafting, therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the storage time on the viability and growth of buds after being soaked in kinetin, and to know the percentage of successful grafting and grafting's result to grow after period of storage time and kinetin soaking. This research was conducted in March to May 2016 with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) whit two factors. The first treatment was storage times which were 0 day, 1 day and 2 days. The second factor was soaking concentrations of kinetin included 0 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm and 20 ppm. After 21 days og grafting, plastic cover was opened and stem above grafting was cut and this research was stopped after 60 days. The results of this research showed that storage time reduced viability, and the best buds the were found from ones used on the same day the entreses were made. Storage time and kinetin soaking did not give a significant effect on the growth of buds including the percentage of successful grafting, the time bud breaking, shoot height, bud diameter, leaf number and percentage of grafting grown. However the storage time on H0 with H1 and H2 gave a significant affect on the time of bud burst. The percentage of successful grafting and grown grafting were by 97.91% and by 95.83% respectively.

Kata Kunci : Kata kunci: Okulasi, jeruk Keprok Garut, Lama simpan, Perendaman kinetin, Viabilitas, Entres, dan Batang bawah.