DISTRIBUSI ORANGUTAN (Pongo pygmeues) DAN PAKANNYA DI KAWASAN BERNILAI KONSERVASI TINGGI DI IUPHHK-HA PT. SARI BUMI KUSUMA KALIMANTAN TENGAH

DINA PUTRI KHOTIJAH, drh. Subeno, M.Sc

2016 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Kawasan Bernilai Konservasi Tinggi (KBKT) PT. Sari Bumi Kusuma merupakan kawasan produksi yang dilindungi karena keberadaan salah satu satwa endemik Pulau Kalimantan yaitu Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus). Tujuan penelitian (1) mengetahui distribusi Orangutan dan pakannya di KBKT Bukit Selangit PT. Sari Bumi Kusuma (2) mengetahui karakteristik sarang dan estimasi kepadatan populasi Orangutan (3) mengetahui kepadatan pohon pakan Orangutan. Pengambilan data distribusi Orangutan dengan 12 jalur transek secara purposive sepanjang 0,5-1,4 km dengan jarak antar transek 500 m, distribusi pakan dan pakannya dengan plot vegetasi 20 x 20 m dan jarak antar plot 200 m,tiap keberadaan Orangutan ditandai ditandai dengan GPS. Data karakteristik sarang (kelas sarang, pohon sarang, tinggi sarang), estimasi kepadatan populasi Orangutan di catat saat ditemui di transek dan plot pengamatan. Kepadatan pakan dengan mencatat jumlah jenis pakan di dalam plot vegetasi dan mengetahui jenis pakan dengan pustaka dan informasi masyarakat lokal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi Orangutan dan pakannya di KBKT Bukit Selangit terbatas seseuai dengan ketinggian kawasan,semakin tinggi kawasan perjumpaan Orangutan semakin jarang. Karakteristik sarang diantaranya kelas sarang banyak ditemukan kelas sarang C-E. Jenis pohon sarang banyak ditemukan ubah (Syzygium sp) dimungkinkan memiliki kekuatan kayu yang tinggi. Tinggi pohon sarang 11-15 m karena Orangutan pada ketinggian tersebut merasa nyaman. Estimasi kepadatan populasi didapatkan 1 individu/km2 lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan Taman Nasional Gunung Palung 3 individu/km2 karena Kawasan Bukit Selangit yang merupakan bekas area tebangan sehingga terjadi perubahan struktur dan komposisi vegetasi yang digunakan sebagai pohon sarang dan pakan. Kepadatan jenis pohon pakan didominasi oleh ubah sebesar 50 individu/ha.

The high conservation value forest at PT. Sari Bumi Kusuma is a protected production area because there is one of the endemic species of Borneo island, which is called as Orangutan (Pongo Pygmeneues). The purpose of this study are to (1) determine the distribution of the Orangutan (Pongo Pygmeneues) and their feed in KBKT Bukit Selangit PT Sari Bumi Kusuma, (2) understand Orangutans nest characteristic and density estimation of Orangutan population, (3) understand the tree woof density of Orangutan. The data collection of the distribution Orangutan and their woof has been done by making 12 transects track that were placed purposively along 0,5-1,4 km with 500 meter of the distance between lines and 200 meter of the distance between plot. Each Orangutan existence was marked by GPS. The nest characteristics data (class of the nest, nest tree, the height of the nest) and the estimation of Orangutans population density are recorded when those things were found on the transects and observation plot. The woof density has gotten from by recording the amount of the woof type on the vegetation plot. Type of the woof has gotten from the book references and social information. The result of the study shows that Orangutan distribution and their woof in KBKT Bukit Selangit are limited according to the height of the area. The availability of Orangutan is lower if the area is higher. Nest characteristics is there are many nest class C-E. Nest tree is there are many found ubah (Syzygium sp) within the nest because the wood has a big strength. The height of nest tree is between 11-15 meters because Orangutan comfortable with those height. The population density estimation available 1 individual/km2 which is lower than Taman Nasional Gunung Palung with 3 individual/km2 because Bukit Selangit area is an log over area so there are changes on vegetation structure and composition which is used as nest tree and woof. Tree woof density dominated by the change of feed by 50 individual/ha.

Kata Kunci : Orangutan, Distribusi, Pakan, HCVF Bukit Selangit