Kajian Perubahan Garis Pantai Menggunakan Citra Landsat Multitemporal di Kota Semarang

JULIO NORONHA MARQUES, Dr. Nurul Khakhim M. Si

2016 | Skripsi | S1 KARTOGRAFI DAN PENGINDRAAN JAUH

Kota Semarang merupakan ibu kota Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Pembangunan Kota Semarang sangat berkembang sehingga kebutuhan lahan mendorong kegiatan reklamasi. Pengaruh kegiatan reklamasi berdampak terhadap dinamika garis pantai pesisir Kota Semarang. Tujuan penelitiannya mengidentifikasi perubahan garis pantai menggunakan Landsat TM tahun 1994,2004 dan 2014. Metode penelitiannya adalah interpretasi citra, survey lapangan. Hasil analisis perubahan garis pantai dilakukan Overlay, serta single transect menghasilkan panjang rata-rata perubahan garis pantai. Overlay peta tentatif 1994-2004 dan 2004-2014 akan menghasilkan peta perubahan garis pantai selama 10tahunan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan reklamasi seluas 35,9hektar di tahun 1994-2004 dan 241,9ha di tahun 2004-2014; serta abrasi 108,78ha tahun 1994-2004 dan 73,7hektar di tahun 2004-2014. Proses sedimentasi sangat kecil dengan luas 19,34ha di tahun 1994-2004 dan 2,14ha di tahun 2004-2014. Kawasan yang mengalami reklamasi di Kecamatan Semarang Barat, Semarang Utara serta sebagian Tugu bagian barat. Sementara abrasi pantai terjadi di kawasan pesisir Genuk, Semarang Utara sebelah barat, dan sebagian Tugu. Faktor hidrooseanografi, penurunan tanah dan reklamasi cukup berpengaruh dalam dinamika perubahan garis pantai pesisir Kota Semarang.

Semarang city is the capital of central Java Province. Development in Semarang city is growing, so large land requirement encourage reclamation. The influence of reclamation activities have an impact on the dynamics of the coastline in the coastal city of Semarang. The purpose of this study is to identify changes in the shoreline of Semarang using Landsat TM image from 1994.2004 and 2014 and to analyze the rate of change of the shoreline in the city of Semarang. The methods used in this research are image interpretation and field surveys. The results of the analysis of shoreline change is done by overlaying (Overlay), a single transect method to produce an average length of shoreline change. Overlay tentative maps from 1994-2004 and 2004-2014 will produce a map of the shoreline changes over the past 20 years. These results indicate a change in Semarang coastline dominated by the reclamation area of 35.9 hectares in 1994-2004 and 241.9 hectares in the years 2004-2014; and abrasion area of 108.78 hectares in 1994-2004 and 73.7 hectares in 2004-2014. The process of sedimentation in Semarang city is very small with an area of 19.34 hectares in 1994-2004 and 2.14 hectares in 2004-2014. The Reclamation areas that experienced in the coastal city of Semarang are mostly in the District of West Semarang, Noth Semarang, District Tugu and partly leading to Semarang District of West. While coastal erosion generally occurs in coastal areas Genuk subdistrict, Semarang North west, and most of the District Tugu. Hidrooseanografi factors, soil degradation and human factors are quite influential in changing dynamics of coastal shoreline Semarang City.

Kata Kunci : Garis Pantai, Abrasi, Sedimentasi, Reklamasi dan Kota Semarang.