PENGARUH BAHAN AKTIF PYRACLOSTROBIN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group)

UNAIYATIN HASANAH, Prof. Dr. Ir. Didik Indradewa, Dip. Agr. St; Dr. Ir. Endang Sulistyaningsih, M.Sc.

2016 | Tesis | S2 Agronomi

Bawang merah merupakan salah satu tanaman sayur yang rentan terhadap infeksi jamur. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi hal ini adalah dengan aplikasi fungisida pada pertanaman. Pyraclostrobin merupakan salah satu bahan aktif fungisida yang biasa digunakan untuk mengontok serangan jamur. Pyraclostrobin memiliki mekanisme sistemik. Penelitian sebelumnya melaporkan bahwa pyraclostrobin disamping fungsinya sebagai fungisida, juga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. Percobaan lapangan dilakukan pada bulan juli hingga September 2013 untuk mengetahui pengaruh fungisida dengan bahan aktif pyraclostrobin + metiram 60 WG terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah. Percobaan dilakukan pada bulan kering di Sandeng, Bantul Yogyakarta. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok lengkap dengan 7 perlakuan, yaitu : Kontrol (tidak disemprot), konsentrasi 500 ppm, 2 kali; konsentrasi 500 ppm, 3 kali; konsentrasi 500 ppm, 4 kali, konsentrasi1000 ppm, 2 kali, konsentrasi 1000 ppm, 3 kali; konsentrasi 1000 ppm, 4 kali. Masing- masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali.. Selama penelitian hingga 50 hst menunjukkan tidak ditemukan gejala kejadian penyakit pada pertanaman. Hasil menunjukkan aplikasi fungisida meningkatkan aktivitas nitrat reduktase, seapan N, indek luas daun, durasi luas daun, aktivitas fotosintesis total, laju pertumbuhan tanaman, bobot kering, dan bobot umbi saat panen. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pyraclostrobin mampu mengendalikan serangan jamur dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah.

Shallot is one of vegetable crops that susceptible to fungal disease. One way to control fungal disease is with fungicide application. Pyraclostrobin is one of active ingredient of fungicide that usually used to control fungal infection. It has translaminary mode of action. Previous studied reported that the growth and yield some crops increased with pyraclostrobin application. It works like plant growth regulator, but there is limited information about how the responses of shallot to pyraclostrobin application. In order to investigate the effect of fungicide application with active ingredient pyraclostrobin + metiram 60 WG to growth and yield of shallot, a field experiment was carried out during the month July until September, dry season at Sanden Village Bantul, Yogyakarta. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with seven treatments : Control (Not sprayed), consentration 500 ppm, 2 times; consentration 500 ppm, 3 times; consentration 500 ppm, 4 times, concentration 1000 ppm, 2 times, concentration 1000 ppm, 3 times; concentration 1000 ppm, 4 times. Each one is replicated three times. During the experiment until 50 days after planting, didn�t found the symtomps of disease. The result showed that the fungicide application made a changed in nitrate reductase activity so increased the assimilation of N, Total Protein content, leaf area index, leaf area duration, total photosynthetic activity, plant growth rate, and weight of bulb at harvest. This result showed that application fungicide with active ingredient pyraclostrobin could be managed disease and increase growth and yield of shallot.

Kata Kunci : Bawang merah, fungisida, pyraclostrobin, aktivitas nitrat reduktase