TINJAUAN STRUKTUR, PERILAKU DAN KINERJA USAHA TERNAK KUCING RAS DI YOGYAKARTA

ARBI SAPUTRO, Dr. Tri Anggraeni Kusumastuti, S.P., M.P.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan membandingkan struktur, perilaku, dan kinerja usaha ternak kucing ras di Yogyakarta. Sampel responden diambil secara purposive berdasarkan kepemilikian ternak minimal lima ekor kucing produktif, sampel yang diambil meliputi delapan peternak Cattery (tergabung dalam asosiasi) dan sebelas peternak non Cattery (individu). Analisis yang digunakan untuk mengetahui struktur pasar dan perilaku pasar melalui pendekatan secara deskriptif. Data yang diambil mengenai struktur pasar meliputi mudah tidaknya keluar masuk pasar, skala penjualan, jumlah penjual dan pembeli dan sistem kerjasama. Data perilaku pasar meliputi strategi dan penentuan harga, diskriminasi harga, diferensiasi produk dan strategi promosi,sedangkan kinerja pasar menggunakan perhitungan ROI (Return On Investment). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk struktur pasar usaha ternak kucing ras di Yogyakarta mengarah ke Oligopoli karena tidak adanya hambatan yang berarti untuk masuk pasar, tidak adanya kerjasama antar peternak dan jumlah penjual yang hanya beberapa. Dilihat dari perilaku pasar,peternak Cattery dan peternak non Catterymemiliki perbedaan dalam menetapkan harga kucing sesuai dengan kategori kelasnya. Peternak Cattery menjual kucingnya dengan sertifikat dan peternak non Cattery memaksimalkan pendapatan dengan membuka jasa pemacakan. ROIpada peternak cattery sebesar 19,4% dengan lama pengembalian modal 5,1 tahun sedangkan peternak non cattery sebesar 8,9% dengan lama pengembalian modal 11,2 tahun. Perbedaan nilai ROI antara peternakCatterydengan peternak non Catterydikarenakan tingkat penerimaan dari peternak Catteryyang lebih tinggi karena kucing yang dijual memiliki kualitas baik sehingga harganya lebih tinggi.

This research was based on purpose for identify and compare structure, conductand performance of livestock enterprise purebred cat in Yogyakarta.This research using the material of eight breeder that incorporated in association (Cattery) eleven breeder which is not incorporated in the association (non Cattery) with purposive method. Analysis in this research to understand structure of market and market conduct were descriptive approach. The taken data was market structure about the difficulty to entry market, selling scale, selling quantity, buyer and partnership system. Beside that in this research the data also about market conduct of strategic and price determination, price discrimination, product differentiation and promotion strategic. Meanwhile market performance are about with ROI (Return Of Investment). The result of this research shows that the market structure type of livestock enterprise cat in Yogyakarta is Oligopoly because no barrier to entry the market, no partnership system and just a few number of breeder. Cattery breeder and non Cattery breeder have a differentiation in set the cat price, it depends on class category. Cattery breeder maximizing the profit with sell his cat with certificate, but non Cattery breeder open the animal mating service to maximizing the profit. Cattery Breeder ROIis 19,4% with return of capital 5,1 years, while non-cattery breeder ROI is 8,9% with return of capital 11,2 years. The different of ROI value between cattery breeder and non Cattery breeder is profitability. The profit of cattery breeder is higher than non-cattery breeder because the cat quality is better that make his price is more expensive.

Kata Kunci : Struktur, Perilaku, Kinerja, Kucing Ras, Cattery