Prarancangan Pabrik Heptena dari Propena dan Butena dengan Kapasitas 25.000 Ton/Tahun

RARASTITI RACHMANI, Dr. Ir. Bardi Murachman, S.U., DEA.

2015 | Skripsi | S1 TEKNIK KIMIA

Heptena diproduksi dengan cara kodimerisasi senyawa propena dan butena dengan katalisator Ni-Alumina. Reaksi berjalan pada fase cair di dalam fixed bed multi stage dengan suhu 45 OC dan tekanan 15 bar. Panas yang timbul dari reaksi diambil dengan air pendingin di dalam heat exchanger tiap stage-nya. Pembuatan heptena dengan kapasitas 25.000 ton per tahun memerlukan bahan baku berupa propena sebesar 21.659,8962 ton/tahun dan butena sebanyak 61.236,4933 ton/tahun. Kebutuhan katalis sebesar 22,1285 ton per tahun. Kebutuhan utilitas meliputi air pendingin sebanyak 1,301.076,929 ton/tahun, steam sebanyak 199.749,4488 ton/tahun, bahan bakar 30.418,53 m3/tahun, dan listrik sebesar 175,24 kJ/s. Pabrik heptena ini direncanakan akan didirikan di Cilegon, Banten dengan tenaga kerja yang diperlukan sebanyak 210 orang. Modal tetap yang diperlukan sebesar US$ 67.974.493,06 + Rp 157.135.252.661,30 sedangkan modal kerjanya sebesar US$ 43.821.458,11 + Rp 7.731.140.223,75. Manufacturing cost sebesar US$ 120.971.212,07 + Rp 45.558.504.889,93. General expense sebesar US$ 27.669.252,22 + Rp 13.962.425.453,18. Hasil evaluasi ekonomi menunjukkan keuntungan sebelum pajak sebesar US$ 26.074.937,92 dan sesudah pajak sebesar US$ 13.037.468,96. Return of Investment sebelum pajak sebesar 32,5696 % dan sesudah pajak sebesar 16,2848 %. Pay Out Time sebelum pajak sebesar 2,35 tahun dan setelah pajak sebesar 3,80 tahun. Break Event Point (BEP) dari pabrik ini sebesar 44,63 % dengan Shut Down Point sebesar 22,53 %. Hasil analisa Discounted Cash Flow Rate of Return (DCFRR) sebesar 26,75 %. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi ekonomi pabrik heptena dari propena dan butena dengan kapasitas 25.000 ton/tahun ini cukup menarik dan layak didirikan karena memenuhi analisis kelayakan ekonomi yaitu ROIb, POTb, BEP, dan DCFRR.

Heptena is produced with co-dimerization method of propylene and butane with Ni-Alumina catalyst. Reaction takes place in liquid phase in a fixed bed multi stage reactor with operating conditions of 45 OC and 15 bar. Heat of reaction is taken from the system using a heat exchanger in each stage. Heptene production with capacity of 25,000 tons per year requires raw materials such as Propylene as much 21659.8962 tons/year and butylenes as much 61236.4933 tons/year. The catalyst requirement is 22.1285 tons/year. Utility needs including cooling water as much 1,301.076,929 tons/year, steam as much 199,749.4488 tons/year, and fuel as much 30.418,53 m3/year, and electricity as much 175.24 kJ/s. This factory is planned to be build in Cilegon, Banten with 210 employees to operate this factory. Fixed capital required to build this factory is US$ 67,974,493.06 + Rp 157,135,252,661.30, while the working capital required is US$ 43,821,458.11 + Rp 7,731,140,223.75, total Manufacturing cost as much US$ 120,971,212.07 + Rp 45,558,504,889.93, and General expense as much US$ 27,669,252.22 + Rp 13,962,425,453.18. The result of economic evaluation indicates that the profit before tax is US$ 26,074,937.92 and the profit after tax is US$ 13,037,468.96..Return of Investment before tax of 32.5696% and after tax of 16.2848%. Pay Out Time before tax of 2.35 years and 3.80 years after tax. Break Event Point (BEP) of this plant amounted to 44.63% with the Shut Down Point amounted to 22.53%. Results of analysis Discounted Cash Flow Rate of Return (DCFRR) amounted to 26.75%. Based on the results of the economic evaluation of plant heptane of propene and butene with a capacity of 25,000 tons / year is quite interesting and worth is established as meet the economic feasibility analysis is ROIb, POTb, BEP, and DCFRR.

Kata Kunci : Propylene, Butene, Heptene, codimerization, Ni-Al catalyst