Kajian Collective Learning and Action sebagai Model Penyuluhan Dialogis dalam Timor-Leste Smallholder Cattle Project di Timor-Leste

BELO, QUINTILIANO AFONSO, Prof. Dr. Ir. Sunarru Samsi Hariadi.,MS ; Dr.Ir.P.Wiryono.SJ.M.Sc

2015 | Tesis | S2 Penyuluhan dan Komunikasi Pembangunan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis 1) Collective learning and action dalam proses adaptasi terhadap inovasi pemeliharaan ternak sapi Bali; 2) Perubahan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan sebelum dan sesudah collective learning and action dalam proses adaptasi terhadap inovasi pemeliharaan ternak sapi Bali; 3). Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap proses adaptasi terhadap inovasi pemeliharaan ternak sapi Bali. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah mix method dengan strategi exploratory sequential. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di District Bobonaro, Sub-District Atabae, Timor-Leste. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah proportionate stratified random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 120 dan 10 informan kunci dipilih secara purposive. Analisis kualitatif deskriptif digunakan untuk menkaji collective learning and action dalam proses adaptasi. Analisis kuantitatif menggunakan Mc Nemar Test untuk melihat perubahan pegentahuan sebelum dan sesudah collective learning and action dan analisis jalur (path analysis) untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi adaptasi terhadap inovasi pemeliharaan ternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; pertama, implementasi collective learning and action mengutamakan self-generated material dan learning by doing melalui mekanisme traning, innovation outreach, mobilization, organizing dan result; kedua, perubahan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan dari hasil uji Mc Nemar Test menunjukkan bahwa; mayoritas peternak berubah dari tidak tahu menjadi tahu sebesar 55%, tidak setuju menjadi setuju sebesar 57%, dan tidak terampil menjadi terampil sebesar 59% sesudah collective learning and action. Ketiga, adaptasi terhadap inovasi pemeliharaan ternak sapi Bali dari hasil analisis jalur menunjukkan bahwa, dipengaruhi kuat secara langsung oleh penyuluhan dialogis sebesar 0,19, self efficacy sebesar 0,70 dan motivasi sebesar 0,14. Sedangkan gaya kepemimpinan Liurai, komunikasi interaktif dan akses tidak berpengaruh secara langsung namun secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap adaptasi terhadap inovasi pemeliharaan ternak sebesar 88%, sementara 12% lainnya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak sempat diteliti dalam penelitian ini.

This research aims to find out and analyze 1) Collective learning and action at adaptation process on innovation Bali cattle management; 2) Changes in knowledge, attitude, and skills before and after the collective learning and action at adaptation process on innovation Bali cattle management; 3). Affected factors to adaptation process on innovation Bali cattle management. The research method used was a mix method with exploratory sequential strategy. This research was conducted in the District of Bobonaro, Sub-District Atabae, Timor-Leste. The sampling technique used was proportionate stratified random sampling with 120 total sample and 10 key informants chosen purposively. Qualitative descriptive analysis was used to examine the collective learning and action in the adaptation process. Mc Nemar Test was used in quantitative analysis to see the changes before and after given collective learning and action, while path analysis was employed to find out the factors influencing innovation adaptation on Bali catte management. The results show that; First, the implementation of collective learning and action gives priority to self-generated materials and learning by doing through the mechanisms of traning, innovation outreach, mobilization, organizing and result; Second, changes in knowledge, attitudes and skills depicted in Mc Nemar Test results show; the majority of farmers who change from not knowing to knowing amounts to 55%, disagree to become agree amounts to 57%, and unskilled to become skilled amounts to 59% after the collective learning and action. Thirdly, the results of path analysis show that innovation adaptation on Bali cattle management is strongly and directly influenced by dialogic extension of 0.19, self efficacy of 0.70, and motivation of 0.14. In addition, the leadership style of Liurai, interactive communication and access do not directly influence but simultaneously affect the innovation adaptation on Bali cattle management by 88%, while the rest 12% is influenced by other factors not examined in this research.

Kata Kunci : collective learning and action, dialogic extension, Timor, self-efficacy, motivation, Liurai