SISTEM REKRUTMEN HAKIM KONSTITUSI YANG TRANSPARAN, PARTISIPATIF, OBYEKTIF, DAN AKUNTABEL OLEH PRESIDEN

MITA HERMAWATI, Dr. Enny Nurbaningsih, S.H., M.Hum.

2015 | Tesis | S2 Hukum

Hakim konstitusi mempunyai sifat yang khusus karena mekanisme pengangkatannya berbeda dari hakim biasa dan hakim agung. Undang-Undang Nomor 24 tahun 2003 juncto Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2011 tentang Mahkamah Konstitusi, yang merupakan tindak lanjut dari Pasal 24C ayat (6) UUD 1945, tidak mengatur secara detail tentang sistem rekrutmen hakim konstitusi. UU MK hanya menyebutkan prinsip-prinsip umum bahwa pencalonan hakim konstitusi dilaksanakan secara transparan dan partisipatif serta pemilihannya dilakukan secara obyektif dan akuntabel. UU MK menyerahkan sepenuhnya tata cara seleksi, pemilihan dan pengajuan hakim konstitusi pada masing-masing lembaga, yaitu Mahkamah Agung, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, dan Presiden. Ketidakjelasan pengaturan tentang sistem rekrutmen hakim konstitusi mengakibatkan masing-masing lembaga menggunakan caranya sendiri-sendiri dalam merekrut hakim konstitusi dan tidak diketahui apakah prinsip transparan, partisipatif, obyektif dan akuntabel yg menjadi prinsip utama dalam perekrutan hakim konstitusi telah terpenuhi. Didasarkan pada permasalahan tersebut, maka penelitian ini mencoba untuk mengetahui apakah pengaturan sistem rekrutmen hakim konstitusi dalam UU MK telah sesuai dengan kehendak UUD 1945 dan apakah pelaksanaan sistem rekrutmen hakim konstitusi oleh Presiden telah memenuhi prinsip transparan, partisipatif, obyektif dan akuntabel. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif, dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan studi kasus. Tehnik analisa data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Kesimpulannya, pengaturan sistem rekrutmen hakim konstitusi dalam UU MK belum sesuai dengan kehendak UUD 1945 atau dengan kata lain sistem rekrutmen hakim konstitusi sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam UUD 1945 belum diatur secara jelas, rinci dan komprehensif di dalam UU MK, terutama dalam hal seleksi, syarat dan masa jabatan hakim konstitusi. Selain itu terdapat inkonsistensi dalam proses rekrutmen hakim konstitusi yang dilakukan oleh Presiden, prinsip transparan, partisipatif, obyektif dan akuntabel hanya terpenuhi dalam proses rekrutmen hakim konstitusi periode 2008-2013 dan tahun 2014. Kata Kunci: Rekrutmen hakim konstitusi

Constitutional judges have special characteristic since their recruitment system is different from ordinary judges and justices. Law Number 24 Of 2003 juncto Law Number 8 Of 2011 on the Constitutional Court, which is the follow up of Article 24C Paragraph (6) UUD 1945, does not regulate in detail about the recruitment of constitutional judges. Constitutional Court Law mentions only general principles, that the nomination of constitutional judges should be transparent and participatory as well as the election is done in an objective and accountable. Constitutional Court Law fully gives all the procedures of selection, election and submission of constitutional judges to each institution, which is the Supreme Court, the House of Representatives, and the President. The obscurity of recruitment system of constitutional judges makes each institution uses its own way in recruiting constitutional judges and it is unknown whether the principle of transparent, participatory, objective, and accountable which is a fundamental principle in the recruitment of constitutional judges have been met. Based on these problems, this research tries to determine whether the recruitment system of constitutional judges in Constitutional Court Law already in accordance with the will of UUD 1945 and whether the implementation of recruitment system of constitutional judges by the President has met the principle of transparent, participatory, objective and accountable. This research uses normative legal research, with statutory approach and case study. Data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative. In conclusion, the recruitment system of constitutional judges in Constitutional Court Law is not in accordance with the will of UUD 1945, or in other words the recruitment of constitutional justice system as mandated in UUD 1945 has not been arranged in a clear, detailed and comprehensive in Constitutional Court Law, especially in selection, terms and period of the constitutional judges. In addition, there were inconsistencies in the recruitment process of constitutional judges conducted by the President, the principle of transparent, participatory, objective, and accountable only met in the recruitment of constitutional judges in the period of 2008-2013 and in 2014. Keywords: Recruitment of constitutional judges

Kata Kunci : Rekrutmen hakim konstitusi; Recruitment of constitutional judges