Profil Indeks Eritrosit Ibu Hamil Trimester III dengan Anemia di Rumah Sakit Umum PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul

EVITA RICKNORA A., dr. Tri Ratnaningsih, Sp.PK(K), M.Kes.; Prof. Dr. Budi Mulyono, Sp.PK(K), MM

2015 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

Latar Belakang : Anemia pada ibu hamil dapat memberikan dampak berbahaya pada kehamilan, persalinan, nifas dan janin. Prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil di dunia masih tinggi, terutama pada ibu hamil trimester III. Indeks eritrosit dapat menggolongkan anemia secara morfologi, sehingga diharapkan dapat membantu dalam penatalaksanaan anemia selanjutnya. Tujuan Penelitian : Mengetahui profil indeks eritrosit dan menggolongkan anemia secara morfologi pada ibu hamil trimester III dengan anemia di RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul. Metode Penelitian : Desain penelitian ini adalah observasi potong lintang. Hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) dan red blood cell distribution width (RDW) ditentukan dengan alat hematologi otomatis Sysmex XT-2100 di Laboratorium Parahita, Yogyakarta. Hasil Penelitian : Sejumlah 59 subjek dianalisis setelah melalui kriteria inklusi. Rerata MCV 80,88±7,8 fL dan MCH 25,91±3,18 pg. Nilai tengah (nilai minimum-nilai maksimum) MCHC 32,20 (25,70-34,50) g/dL dan RDW-CV 14,70 (11,80-26,90)%. Berdasarkan MCV dan MCH, diperoleh 44,10% ibu hamil trimester III dengan anemia mirkositik/hipokromik, 39% menderita anemia normositik/hipokromik dan 16,90% menderita anemia normositik/normokromik. Kesimpulan : Sebagian besar ibu hamil trimester III dengan anemia di RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul memiliki MCV, MCH dan MCHC di bawah rentang normal, serta RDW-CV dalam rentang normal. Sebagian besar ibu hamil trimester III menderita anemia mikrositik/hipokromik.

Background: Anaemia in pregnant women can give harmful effects on pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum and fetus. The prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women in the world is high, especially in the third trimester. Erythrocyte indices can classify anemia based on morphology, which is expected to help further management. Objective: To know erythrocyte index profile and classify anaemia based on morphology in third trimester pregnant women at RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul. Method: This study has a cross-sectional observational design. Hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) dan red blood cell distribution width (RDW) are determined from automated hematology instruments Sysmex XT-2100 in Parahita Laboratory, Yogyakarta. Results: Fifty nine subjects were analyzed after passing the inclusion criteria. The mean values of MCV is 80.88±7.8 fL and MCH is 25.91±3.18 pg. The median values (minimum-maximum values) of MCHC is 32.20 (25.70-34.50) g/dL and RDW-CV is 14.70 (11.80-26.90)%. Based on the MCV and MCH, 44.10% third trimester pregnant women have microcytic/hypochromic anaemia, 39% have normocytic/hypochromic anaemia and 16.90% have normocytic/normochromic anaemia. Conclusion: Most of the third trimester pregnant women with anemia in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital in Bantul have MCV, MCH and MCHC below the normal range, and RDW-CV in the normal range. Most of the third trimester pregnant women have microcytic/hypochromic anaemia.

Kata Kunci : indeks eritrosit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, anemia, ibu hamil trimester tiga