ANALISIS PADANG LAMUN SEBAGAI HABITAT IKAN DI PULAU PANGGANG KEPULAUAN SERIBU

NURUL HIDAYATI, Drs. Namastra Probosunu, M.Si. ; Dr. Ir. Djumanto, M.Sc.

2015 | Skripsi | S1 MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA PERIKANAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas lamun dan peran padang lamun bagi ikan di perairan Pulau Panggang, Kepulauan Seribu. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2014. Pengamatan dilakukan menggunakan metode transek dan kuadrat plot di empat stasiun. Pada setiap stasiun diletakkan 3 transek dengan jarak antar transek 25 m. Tiap transek dipasang kuadrat plot berukuran 1 x 1 m sebanyak 3-10 unit dengan jarak antar plot 25 m. Pada tiap kuadrat plot dihitung persentase tutupan lamun dan cacah individu tiap jenis lamun yang ditemukan. Pengambilan sampel ikan dilakukan menggunakan jaring payang dengan mesh size 3 mm. Sampel ikan yang tertangkap dihitung jumlahnya kemudian diawetkan menggunakan larutan formalin 4%. Analisis data meliputi persebaran jenis, frekuensi, densitas, persentase tutupan, indeks keanekaragaman, indeks dominansi, densitas ikan, dan asosiasi lamun dengan ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis lamun yang ditemukan sebanyak 8 jenis, yaitu Syringodium isoetifolium, Halophila ovalis, Halophila minor, Halodule uninervis, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Thalassia hemprichii, dan Enhalus acoroides. Densitas jenis lamun berkisar antara 0,08-130,52 ind/m2 dan densitas tertinggi dimiliki oleh T. hemprichii. Persentase tutupan lamun sebesar 22,13%. Indeks keanekaragaman 1,156 dan indeks dominansi 0,436. Lamun jenis S. isoetifolium, H. ovalis, H. minor, H. uninervis, dan C. serrulata tersebar jauh dari garis pantai, sedangkan C. rotundata, T. hemprichii, dan E. acoroides tersebar merata dari garis pantai hingga mendekati tubir. Ikan yang tertangkap sebanyak 39 jenis dari 18 famili dan didominasi oleh S. canaliculatus. Padang lamun di perairan Pulau Panggang dimanfaatkan sebagai daerah asuhan, daerah penggembalaan, dan sumber pakan bagi ikan.

The objective of this research was to determine the structure of seagrass community and ecological role of seagrass beds for fishes in the coastal waters of Panggang Island, Kepulauan Seribu. The research was carried out in May 2014. Seagrass sampling were determined four research station, then transect placed as much 3 lines each. Each station consisted of 3 transect with distance was 25 m. Each transect was put out 3-10 units square plot with size of 1 x 1 m and the distance each plots was 25 m. The data was collected namely percent cover and the individual number from each species of seagrass.The fish was collected by using payang net 3 mm mesh. Fish captured were counted and fixed in formalin 4%. Data were analyzed descriptively in term of the seagrass distribution, frequency, density, percent cover, diversity index, dominance index, fish density, and association between seagrass and fish. The result showed that there were 8 species of seagrass i.e. Syringodium isoetifolium, Halophila ovalis, Halophila minor, Halodule uninervis, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Thalassia hemprichii, and Enhalus acoroides. The density of seagrass between 0,08-130,52 ind/m2 and T. hemprichii was the highest. Seagrass covering was around 22,13%. The diversity index was 1,156 and dominance index was 0,436. The species S. isoetifolium, H. ovalis, H. minor, H. uninervis, and C. Serrulata was spread out far away from coastal line, while C. rotundata, T. hemprichii, and E. acoroides was spread evenly from coastal line to coastal ridge. There were 39 species fishes from 18 families which collected among stations and the most abundant species was S. canaliculatus. The result indicated that seagrass ecosystem in the coastal waters of Panggang Island have an important role as nursery ground, feeding ground, and food source of fishes.

Kata Kunci : lamun, keragaman, persebaran, daerah asuhan, Pulau Panggang.