ENKAPSULASI KURKUMIN DALAM NANOPARTIKEL KITOSANPEKTIN TERTAUT SILANG GLUTARALDEHIDA DAN STUDI PELEPASANNYA SECARA IN VITRO

GRASIANTO, Dr. Dwi Siswanta, M.Eng.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kimia

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai enkapsulasi kurkumin dalam nanopartikel kitosan-pektin tertaut silang glutaraldehida dan studi pelepasannya secara in vitro untuk menentukan efektivitas nanopartikel dalam melepaskan kurkumin di dalam media pelepasan. Komposisi dari komponen nanopartikel yang mempengaruhi pelepasan kurkumin telah dipelajari, termasuk kitosan, pektin dan glutaraldehida. Nanopartikel dibuat menggunakan metode koaservasi dengan cara mencampurkan kitosan dan pektin di dalam larutan asam asetat 1%, kemudian ditambahkan glutaraldehida sebagai agen taut silang ke dalam campuran larutan tersebut. Nanopartikel yang dihasilkan dikarakterisasi dengan FTIR, TEM, SEM dan XRD. Studi pelepasan in vitro dilakukan dengan cara mendispersikan nanopartikel ke dalam media pelepasan selama 6 jam. Konsentrasi kurkumin yang terlepas ditentukan secara spektrofotometri. Kinetika pelepasan kurkumin dikaji dengan model kinetika orde satu, orde nol, model Higuchi dan model Korsmeyer- Peppas. Karakterisasi nanopartikel dengan FTIR menunjukkan adanya interaksi gugus fungsional yang ditandai dengan pergeseran puncak serapan karakteristik dari kitosan-pektin. Studi analisis ukuran nanopartikel menunjukkan bahwa nanopartikel memiliki bentuk bulat dengan ukuran 30-40 nm. Hasil XRD menunjukkan bahwa kurkumin memiliki bentuk amorf dalam sistem nanopartikel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komposisi optimal nanopartikel adalah kitosan, pektin dan glutaraldehida masing-masing 15,59; 6,68; 75,50% yang memberikan enkapsulasi optimum kurkumin sebesar 5,57 mg/g nanopartikel. Kinetika pelepasan nanopartikel cenderung mengikuti model Korsmeyer-Peppas dengan mekanisme pelepasan secara difusi fickian dan degradasi polimer serta memiliki konstanta laju sebesar 3,345 menit-0,503. Pelepasan maksimum kurkumin dari sistem nanopartikel mencapai 70,63% selama 6 jam. Kata kunci: nanopartikel, kurkumin, kitosan, pektin.

An investigation of encapsulation of curcumin into glutaraldehydecrosslinked chitosan-pectin nanoparticles and its in-vitro drug release study had been conducted in order to determine the effectiveness of the nanoparticles to release curcumin in the releasing media. The composition of the components that influenced the curcumin release including chitosan, pectin and glutaraldehyde was studied. Nanoparticles were prepared using coacervation method by mixing chitosan and pectin, each was disssolved in 1% acetic acid solution, then added glutaraldehyde as crosslinker to the mixed solution. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, TEM, SEM, and XRD. In vitro drug release study was conducted by dispersing nanoparticles in the PBS:etanol (60:40) for 6 hours. The concentration of curcumin was determined spectrophotometrically. The kinetic of the curcumin release was analyzed by the several models; zero order model, first order model, Higuchi model and Korsmeyer-Peppas model. The shift of the chitosan-pectin’s characteristic peaks characaterized by FTIR indicated that there were interactions of functional groups. Size analysis studies revealed that nanoparticles have spherical morphology with mean diameter of about 30-40 nm. XRD results confirmed that curcumin in nanoparticle system has amorphous state. The results of this work showed that the optimum composition of nanoparticles was chitosan, pectin and glutaraldehyde respectively 15.59; 6.68; 75.50% which gave the optimum curcumin loading of 5.57 mg/g nanoparticles. The kinetic study revealed that nanoparticles tend to follow Korsmeyer-Peppas model equation through the release mechanism of fickian diffusion and polimer degradation with the constant rate of 3.345 menit-0,503. The optimum curcumin release of the nanoparticles reached 70.63% for 6 hours. Keywords: nanoparticles, curcumin, chitosan, pectin

Kata Kunci : nanopartikel, kurkumin, kitosan, pektin.